Chap. XXXIV.] ciihindwara district. 
771 
A brief account, of tlio aroa in whicli the. manganese-ore deposits 
occur has been given by Mr. Datta 1, whilst 
Geology. ^ have given an account of the petrology and manga- 
nese-ore deposits of the same area 2. In the 1-inch map of this area 
published with the latter paper (Plate 20) I have marked in all the 
known manganese-ore deposits. 
The manganese-ores of the Chhindw^ra district are confined to a 
portion of the valley of the Kanhan river situated in the Sausar tahsil. 
This river has cut its way down through the thick basaltic lava-flows 
of Deccan Trap age that once covered the whole country in this part of 
India, and now pursues a tortuous course over the met amorphic and crys- 
talline rocks, which it has often obscured with its alluvium. This 
metamorphic valley, which is well cultivated, varies from 3 to 9 miles 
wide in the portions where the manganesPTore deposits lie and is flanked 
on each side by flat-topped basalt hills, which often rise to as much 
as 600 feet above the valley. Intervening between the trap and the 
metamorphics is a thin layer of Lameta limestones and sandstones, 
usually 10 to 50 feet thick, but sometimes absent. The strip of meta- 
morphic. and crystalline country in which the manganese-ore deposits 
occur is 17 miles long from north to south, with an average width of about 
6 to 8 miles from east to west. The strike of the rocks in this area 
varies from about south-east in the southern part of the belt, to east 
in the northern part. The rocks of the metamorphic and crvstalline 
complex are described in the paper cited above and consist of in- 
terbanded granulites, gneisses, schists, quartzites, pyroxenic gneisses, 
calciphyres, and crystalline limestones, with granites and abundance of 
intrusive pegmatite. As lenticular bands intercalated between these 
rocks occur the manganese-silicate-rocks and associated manganese-ore 
deposits. The strikes and dips of these manganiferous bands conform 
to those of the associated rocks. The dips are consequently very 
variable, but are usually steep. 
As in the Nagpur district, the manganese-ore deposits are genetically 
connected with manganese-silicate-rocks of the gondite series, the chief 
being various varieties of gondite and rhodonite-bearing rocks. The 
origin of the ores is the same as in the case of the Nagpur district and 
is considered on pages 357 — 364. There is no need 
List of deposits. i t •'■ • t • i 
to group the deposits as is done m the case of the 
Nagpiir district. They will be described in the order given in the sub- 
1 Rec. G. S. I., XXXIII, pp. 221—228, (1906). 
2 Ibid., pp. 159-220. 
M 
