CllAT. XXXIV.] CIIIIINDW AHA : KACHI DHANA.- 
775 
only, being seen for the rest of the length, though the deposit is probably 
continuous. The ' country ' shown by the cross-clearing was a very 
interesting rock composed mainly of albite, and a manganese-pyroxene 
with pinkish brown to pale greenish brown pleochroism. The width 
ot the ore deposit was seen to be possibly 50 feet. 
The lust hillock, No. 5, is simply a slight rise in the ground. When 
^ ^ I first saw it, it showed an outcrop of spessartite- 
' ^'^ "' quartz-rock (gondite), passing under cherty Lameta 
sandstones to the west. liater on Rai Sahib Mathura Prasad of Chhind- 
wara secured this hillock, which had been neglected by the Indian 
Ma)iganese Company, and opened it up a little. This development did 
not, as I saw it in December 1907, indicate the presence of any 
workable ore, but it was of considerable interest. One trench showed a 
central mass of pyrolusite 4 paces wide, spotted witli geodes and patches 
of calcite and <|uartz ; when the geodes were empty, these two 
minerals showed definite crystal terminations in the cavities. Sometimes 
however, the cavities were filled with pink opal. The presence of 
calcite is of considerable interest, because its occurrence in this way 
is unique in the Indian manganese-ore deposits, as far as my experience 
of them goes. It has possibly been derived from the I-ameta rocks, 
which are often calcareous. The rock seen to the north of the pyrolusite 
is extremely coarse felspar-rock, cutting across the strike of the pyrolusite 
— which is conformable to that of the crystalline rocks of this neigh- 
bourhood — at its west end. On the south side of the pyrolusite are 
massive chalcedonized spessartite-bearing rocks. 
From the way in which these five hillocks of ore (Top out in a line, 
there seems little doubt that they are genetically connected. But 
whether they are all joined to one another in the low ground between 
by ore, or whether there are two or more lenticular bands on the same 
line of strike, can be determined only w^hen the deposits are opened 
up further. 
It is interesting to note here the occurrence a mile or so to the west, 
near the head of the nala that flows past the south of the deposits, of an 
outcrop of spessartite-quartz-rock (gondite) showing no signs of change 
to manganese-ore. This outcrop is not on the line of strike of the above 
deposit. 
There are two kinds of ore at Kachi Dhana. One is the compact 
Nature and qiuiliiv mixture of psiluiuelane and braunite, in which the 
of the ores. psilomelane is usually rather small m amount and 
often absent, the ore then being finely crystalline ; the other is dark- 
