Chap. XXXVTI. ] goa : fanuswadi. 
985 
Judging from tlie mode of origin and the spasmodic way in which 
the ores seem to be distributed in the work- 
MxU'ntof tliu deposits. . . . i-i i i .1 /-( i 
mgs, it IS not likely that the (jroa deposits 
will ever be found to be very large. In fact, considering their 
irregular mode of occurrence and low grade, it is rather fortunate 
they are situated so near the sea, for otherwise, in most cases, they 
would not pay to work. Indeed, even with such a favourable 
situation it is probable that only a very few of the deposits are really 
profitable to the lease-holders as producers of ore. In fact it is probable 
that those who have made money over the Goa deposits have not as 
a rule done it by the sale of the ore, but by the sale of the deposits. 
Goa is served by one line of railway, the West of India Portuguese 
Railway, from Londa Junction in the 
transport!"'''^'""' ^'"^ Belgaum district, to Mormugao. It is 
worked by the Southern Mahratta Railway. 
The ores of those deposits within reasonable distance of the railway 
are carted to the railway and thence railed to the port of Mormugao. 
The stations that are most used for this purpose are, I believe, 
CoUem, Kalay, and Sanvordem. But Goa is essentially a country of 
creeks running far inland, and these water-ways play a great part 
in the transport of the country. The manganese-ores of those deposits 
not near the railway are carried in boats to Vasco-da-Gama, from 
whence they are carried by rail to the port of Mormugao, one station 
further on. The distances that the ores have to be carried in this way 
are in some cases considerable. Thus from Piligaon, some 2 miles 
from Bicholim, one of the chief manganese centres in Goa, it must be 
about 20 miles to Vasco-da-Gama. 
1. Fanuswadi. 
(West Coast Makganese Syndicate). 
This deposit is situated nearly 2 miles east of BichoHm, on rising 
ground just to the north of the road to Sanquelim. It is in the Bicholim 
sub-division of the Sanquelim district. It was opened up' in 19 J6 by 
Messieurs Jambon & Cie., and transferred in 1907 to the West Coast 
Manganese Syndicate. No ore was shipped by Jambon & Cie., but 
