Chap. XXXVII. ] haidarabad. 
989 
ities from which Mr. Coggan's samples were obtained are Malan, about 
2 miles north ol' Kalay station;' and Villian, Kumiiri, and Kajri, 
near Peritem, these three places all lying some 1(5 miles to the south 
of Sanvordem station on the We ,t of India Portuguese section of the 
Southern Mahratta Railway. 
The fragments composing the samples consisted mainly of mixtures 
or intergrowths of psilomelane, pyrolusite, hmonite, and a fibrous 
radiate mineral that is probably altered manganite. This manganite 
is sometimes intergrown with psilomelane, into which it possibly changes ; 
whilst at others it is massive, passing into pyrolusite ; it also often 
occurs as linings to cavities, when it takes the form of small radiate 
crystals. Some pieces contain a compact brownish black substance 
that gives a brownish black streak and is probably to be regarded as a 
manganiferous ochre. One very pretty specimen consists of columnar- 
radiate limonite, the columns of which are often pressed one against the 
other, but sometimes have spaces between them. In the latter case 
the columns of limonite are often covered externally with a thin coating 
of manganese-ore, which is sometimes psilomelane and sometimes altered 
manganite ; whilst occasionally there are thin concentric layers of 
manganese-ore alternating with the hmonite layers in the interior of the 
columns. Some specimens indicate that where both manganese- and 
irorx-ores occur together the manganese-ore has been deposited 
subsequently to the iron-ore. Other specimens I have seen indicate 
the reverse order of deposition. 
Amongst other deposits that have been found the following may be 
enumerated : — 
Avodupalle, Chendo, Karapur, Kolambi, Korqui, Kulan, Kurado, 
Feringesey Bat, Malpona, Morlem, Servona. 
Haidarabad. 
Captain T.J. Newbold, F.R.S., first recorded 'the occurrence of 
manganese-ore veins in the laterite of the Bidar district in 1840.1 
Later 2 (1844:) he gives a very full and lucid description of the find. He 
1 Mad. Journ. Lit. ScL, XI, pp. 45, 245, (1840); XIT, p. 24,^(1840). 
2 Journ. As. Soc. Beng., XIII. pp. 992-995, (1844) ; repruited in ' Western India,' 
pp. 73-76, (1857). He also mentions this occurrence in Jour. Roy. As- Soc, VII, p. 214, 
(1843); VIII, p. 234,(1840). 
