Chap. XXXVIIT. ] 
SANDUR STATE. 
993 
district. These also liavo been secured by Messieurs Jarabon and Cie., 
but there seems to be some dispute as to the possession of a portion of 
thcni. One of these deposits — Pilai-marada Gundu — is noticed on 
page 1031, in describing the Sandur deposits. 
It is probably to some of these that Foote refers in his Bellary 
Memoir, in the following words i : — 
'The two other localities yielding manganese-ore occur some 7 and 8 miles, 
respectively, south-east of the Kannevihalli spur. The manganese nodules are seen 
exposed on a narrow terrace a little below the edge of the Kamaraswami plateau 
where crossed by the foot-paths leading from Tonashagiri and Somahalli respec- 
tively to Kammatarnou (Combudhurroo) at the eastern end of the plateau. 
The sections seen do not expose tlie rock sufficiently to show whether or not the 
nodules are plentifully distributed through the matrix or only of rare occurrence '. 
Sandur State (Bellary District). 
{See Plates 44 to 46.) 
Newbold 2 was the first to mention the occurrence of manganese- 
ores in the Sandur Hills, to which he variously 
History. f i i • • i " 
referred as the 'copper mountain range m the 
Ceded Districts' and the 'hills' 'of the Ceded Districts'. Various 
manganese-ores from this area were exhibited at the Madras Exhibitions 
of 1855 and 1857 3. Mr. R. Bruce Foote, formerly of the Geological 
Survey of India, mentioned the occurrence of manganese-ores at 
Ramandrug in the Sandur Hills in 18S9 -i, and later 5 gave a more 
detailed account of the ores at this and a few other localities. 
Mr. A. Ghose, agent to Messieurs Jambon & Cie., having discovered 
Newbold 's reference to the occurrence of manganese-ores in these hills, 
sent a couple of scouts there in 1904. The specimens they collected 
were analysed with disappointing results. In February 1905, Mr. Ghose 
himself went to Ramandrug, and there discovered the deposit now 
1 Mem. G.S.I., XXV. p. 195, (1S95). 
2 Had. Jour. Lit. Set., X, p. 125, ( 1839) ; XI, p. 46, (1840) ; Jour. Boy. As. Soc, 
VIT, p. 214, (1843) ; VIII. p. 155, (1846). 
Reports by the Juries, (1855), p. 6 ; (1857), pp. 2, 4. 
iRec. G.S.I. , XXII, p. 26, (1889). 
5 Mem. G.S.I., XXV, pp. 98, 100, 125, 194, 195, (1895 J. 
