994 
MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF INDIA : DESCRIPTIVE. [ PaRT IV : 
known as the 'Main Bed'. On the way to Tonashagiri he discovered 
the Kiimataru deposits and afterwards the Kumaraswjimi deposits 
During the remainder of the year he prospected the whole of the western 
and southern parts of the state and located some 90 deposits of 
manganese- ore. He started to open up the deposits now known as 
R^mandrug Main Bed and Ramandrug No. 4 in 1905, and during 1906- 
1907 mapped most of the deposits he had discovered. To Mr. Ghose 
belongs the credit for the discovery of the large ore-bodies in situ. The 
occurrences recorded by Mr. Foote were all of nodules, either loose, or 
in situ in argiUites or schists. 
The Ramandrug deposits were further opened up by a succession of 
managers, and the result of their work was to show that these deposits 
are of considerable size. In 1907, the interests of Messieurs Jambon & 
Cie. were transferred to a company known as the General Sandur Mining 
Company, Limited, with a capital of Rs. 48,00,000, the purpose of 
which is to work primarily the manganese-ores of the State, and, second- 
arily, should it prove feasible, the iron-ores, and to manufacture ferro- 
manganese, and iron and steel, in India. In consideration of a salam ' 
of Rs. 50,000 and a royalty of 6 annas a ton on manganese -ores, and | 
anna a ton on iron-ores, with a guaranteed rtiinimum of Rs. 25,000 per 
annum, all to go to the revenues of the Sandur State, the Government 
has granted this company a monopoly of the iron- and manganese-ore 
deposits in the form of a mining lease for 25 years over the hilly portions 
of the State, in which all the deposits lie. 
This arrangement does not apply to the deposits situated within 
the Jagirs of Swamihalli and Kamataru ; on the ore from these deposits, 
also, a royalty of G annas a ton is to be levied. 
Up to date a considerable amount of capital has been sunk by 
Messieurs Jarobon & Cie. in fitting up the Ramandrug deposits with 
an aerial ropeway ; whilst the Southern Mahratta Railway has con- 
structed a 5|-m-ile siding from Mariyamanhalli station on the Hospet- 
Kottur Branch of the Southern Mahratta Railway to the foot of the hill 
at Ramandrug; where the unloading station of the aiirial ropeway is. 
A survey is in progress for a further extension of about 20 miles to the 
deposits round Kamataru at the southern end of the State. The 
amounts of ore despatched from this area to the port of Mormugao 
