1022 
MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF INDIA : DESCRIPTIVE. [ PaRT IV: 
minute crystals. It has not yet been identified. The iron-ores are 
mainly soft earthy hematite, which has evidently been formed by the 
replacement of shaly rocks, probably representing original phyllites or 
slates. There is also some limonite. The manganese-ores show plenty 
of evidence of their formation by metasomatic replacement, both of the 
decomposed phyllitic rocks, and also of the some of the earthy hemati- 
tes or hematitic ' shales '. The workings had not been carried suffi- 
ciently deep to fihovr the downward passage into the decomposed phyl- 
lites. 
A ropeway was being constructed, with its brake-gear not many feet 
below the edge of the ridge, in order to carry the ore down to the 
plains below, a vertical distance of some 1,000 feet. 
3. Ramandpug No 4. 
This deposit is situated on the N, W. side of the spur from the 
Ramandrug Plateau known as Prospect Point and about a mile S. S. E. 
of Sannasil Haruvu. The top of the plateau is laterite, of which there 
must be a thickness of some ;30 feet. Hence the top of the manganese- 
ore deposit must be this distance below the level of the plateau. There 
was originally a large cave in the manganese-ore in the nearly vertical 
scarp where it cropped out just under Prospect Point. This was 
still left at the time of my visit, and showed very rugged vesicular sur- 
faces of manganese-ore exactly like laterite in appearance. In Figure 78 
I have given a rough sketch of what seems to me to be the correct inter- 
