Chap. XXXVIII.] sandur: ramandrug. 
1025 
hill-slope below. Plate 44 gives a general view of the deposit, and 
Plate 45 a clear view of the ore-body. 
It is along the cuttings made for the rails to Prospect Point that the 
sections noticed on pages 1008 — '0 and illustrated in figure 77 are to be 
seen. 
The typical ore is the blotched or mottled mixture of wad and psi- 
lomelane, but is sometimes psilomelane alone or wad alone ; it sometimes 
shows the cavities lined with pseudo-manganite, and pyrolusite ; also 
lead-like psilomelane, and scattered patches and spots oi the hard crys- 
talline mineral. There is perhaps less iron-ore mixed with the mangan- 
ese-ores than at the other Ramandrug deposits. There is also some of 
the grey to yellowish mineral in minute crystals seen at Sannasil 
Haruvu. 
Q ^ ^ "^he output from the Ramandrug deposits 
" ^" from 1905 to 1907 is shown below : — 
Year. Long tons. 
1905 ■ . . . 1,200 
1906 447 
1907 15,455 
These are figures of ore despatched rather than of ore actually 
quarried. 
6. Ramandrug Barracks Deposit (or ' Manganese Cave '). 
A little below the edge of the cliff by the barracks of the Raman- 
drug Cantonment there is another outcrop of manganese-ore, in which 
there is a large cave. The cave faces S. W., is 22 paces long from 
N. W. to S. E., and 13 feet in breadth. 1 forgot to measure the 
height. But it must be two or three times that of a man. In 
this cave one is practically surrounded by manganese-ore on all 
sides except that in which the opening is. The ore is the usual mixture 
of psilomelane] and wad, the former tending to predominate. There 
is also a little pseudo-manganite. At the back of the cave, at the 
bottom, the rock looks like iron-ore, but when broken it shows poor 
manganese-ore inside. This deposit is not being worked at present. 
It is probably the reappearance, across the valley between Prospect 
Point spur and the Barracks spur, of the Ramandrug Main Bed. 
Either the manganese-ore that once joined the two was removed at the 
time of the erosion of this valley ; or the valley was formed before the 
manganese-ore, in which case the manganese-bearing solutions have 
