Chap. XXXIX. ] 
GANJAM : MATHrUA. 
1037 
felspar ? The garnet is a manganiferous variety, but whether it is 
spessartite, spandite, or manganese-grandite, has not been determined. 
Some pieces of rock are entirely garnet, and both these and the pieces 
of garnet-rhodonite-rock are blackened in patches ; bat not a single 
piece of good manganese-ore did I see. The rock is probably in situ 
just below the bottom of the pit, and but for the absence of any 
fragments or pebbles of good m.anganese-ore, it might be worth while 
to open up the deposit on the chance of finding a parallel band of good 
manganese-ore. This pit was in the middle of a field, and nowhere 
else were any signs of similar rock seen ; but, to judge from some 
hillocks of khondalite near by, the strike of the manganiferoiis rock is 
perhaps about N. E. 26 yards S. 10°W. of this pit there is another 
showing banded khondalite, often manganese-stained and impregnated. 
4. Mathura. 
On the south side of the Rambha-Kalikot road, at a point about 
300 to 400 yards S. 30°W. from the Nautan-Barampur rhodonite-garnet 
pit, another pit had been dug on the top of a low mound. This pit 
showed S feet of khondalite in layers 1 to 6 inches thick, with a very 
gentle dip, possibly to E. 10° N. The khondalite is banded and very 
rich in both garnet and sillimanite. It is partly stained brown by iron 
oxide and partly blackened by secondary manganese oxide. Under the 
microscope some black patches are seen of a black and apparently 
original mineral. This is probably graphite rather than manganese 
oxide, which, as far as is known, occurs in khondalite as a spcondary 
constituent only. 
5. Kalikot. 
A cutting along the base of the hill at the back of the new bungalow 
being built for the manager of the estates showed a debris of boulders of 
a soft decomposed khondalite, often showing little scales of graphite, and 
derived from the hill above. Little psilomelane veins and soft black 
patches and stains were visible in many of these boulders and also in 
similar material extracted in the course of sinking a well in front of the 
bungalow ; also veins of porcellanic lithomarge. 
6. Rambha. 
The road from Kalikot to Rambha passes through a very fine 
avenue of banyan trees on approaching Rambha and just before 
