1038 MANOANESE DEPOSITS OF INDIA : DESCRIPTIVE. [ ParT IV : 
crossing the railway. To the right of the road in this avenue was an 
excavation, probably for murram, showing 3 to 4 feet of a red-coated 
debris of fragments and grains of limonite, decomposed quartzite, and a 
little manganese-ore, resting upon similar material, coated black 
externally with manganese oxide, so that there was a horizontal line of 
junction between the red- and the black-coated material. This is 
probably due to deposition of manganese oxide from water filling the 
excavation during the rains, and taken in conjunction with the common 
occurrence of small amounts of manganese as veins and impregnations 
in the rocks of this neighbourhood, indicates that the meteoric waters 
must often contain manganese in solution ; this points to a wide 
distribution of rocks containing manganese minerals, and suggests 
that it may be worth while prospecting the portions of these estates 
lying more remote from the main road. 
Kadapah District- 
According to Dr Balfour, peroxide of manganese occurs in this 
district i, but no further information is available as to the character 
of the deposit. 
Karnul District. 
At the 1857 Madras exhibition the following specimens from this 
district are said to have been exhibited :— 
(a) impure braunite 2 ; 
(h) magnesian limestone with dendritic manganese 3 ; 
(c) peroxide of manganese from Roodrar in the KoU Kuntla 
taluk 4 ; 
{d) slightly magnetic steel-grey iron sand 5 ; 
According to Mr. N. G. ChettyS ' manganese is to be found in 
Nandavaram, Banganapalle, Nagireddipalli in Sirvel Taluk 
and several places in Koilkuntla '. 
1 Cyclopcedia of India, 1st Edit., p. 1183, (1867). 
2 Jury Reports, 1857, p. 2. 
3 Ibid., p. 4 
4 Ibid., p. 2,. 
5 Ibid., p. 3. 
6 Kamoo District Manual, p. 99, ( 1886). 
