Ch4P, XL. ] VIZAGAPATAM : GAP.IVIDI. 1055 
During 1900 and 1907, the Kodur ores have been separated into 
♦■wo classes, as follows : — 
Manganese - 
ores. 
Ferruginous 
manganese- 
ores. 
Total. 
1906 
16,010 
38 
16,048 
1907 
16,943 
492 
17,435 
1. Gapividi. 
No ore-body in situ has been located within the limits of this 
village, the excavations — which lie to the W. and N. W. of the 
village and about a mile N. of Garividi Railway Station — being 
entirely for detrital ore in the alluvium. At the time of my visit 
(January 1905) extensive abandoned excavations were to be seen, 
nearly filled with water, and showing round the sides a gravel 
composed of granules of manganese-ore and quartz. In this gravel were 
scattered pebbles of manganese-ore and quartz ; but the percentage 
of the ore pebbles was evidently too small for this part of the gravel 
to be worth working. Immediately to the N. W. of the 
village, however, a small amount of quarrying was being carried 
on, and here pebbles and boulders of manganese-ore up to a foot in 
diameter were being extracted from the clayey gravel in which they 
were embedded. And in view of the size of some of these boulders it 
seemed that ore in situ could not be very far below. The gravel 
consisted of round granules or pisolites of ore, |^ to ^ inch in diameter, 
loosely cemented by a sparse reddish clayey matrix. The pebbles 
and boulders of ore were broken open to ascertain the quality, and 
then, if sufficiently good, carted to Garividi Railway Station. The 
owner of the land to the north of the old excavations had some men 
employed in digging shallow pits in his rice-fields, extracting the 
ore-pebbles from their matrix of brown clay, and then filHng up 
the pits again. He sold the ore to the Vizianagram Mining Co., Ld., 
at Rs. 2 per ton. 
