Chap. XL.] 
VIZAGAPATAM : GARBHAM. 
Mr. Caplen has supplied the following figures as representing the 
average analysis of the ore being mined here in 1906 : — 
Manganese . . . . . . . .43-00 
Iron 8-74 
Silica 5-70 
9. Mulagam. 
The only information about manganese-ore found within the limits 
of this village, situated about a mile S. S. E. of Itakerlapilli and 6 to 7 
miles S. E. of Garividi Railway Station as the crow flies, is that 120 tons 
of ore were quarried here by the Vizianagram Mining Co. in 1900. 
10. Govindapuram. 
This locality is situated about 7 miles south of Sigram Railway Sta- 
tion ; manganese-ore was worked here by Messrs. Gordon, WoodrofTe 
& Co., of Coconada, and Kovoori Basivireddy at some time during the 
years 1898 to 1900. During 1906 and 1907 work has been carried on by 
the Vizianagram Mining Co., with the following resultant output : — 
Manganese-ore. 
Ferruginous 
Manganese-ore. 
Long tons. 
Long tons. 
1906 
1,269 
1907 
11 
776 
11, Garbham. 
(Plates 51 to 54. 
This deposit was mentioned by Mr. H. G. Turner in the correspond- 
ence on Mr. J. Head's paper on ' The Manganese Ore Deposits of 
Northern Spain,' Jour. Iron and Steel Inst., No. II, for 1896, pp. 157 — 
160. Mr. Turner gives some analyses of Garbham ore (see page 1094) 
and mentions the interesting fact that the ores of this district were 
' known and worked by the native smelters, as vestiges of the furnaces 
were still to be seen close to the Garbham Hill.' In a recent paper by 
W. Venator in Stahl und Eisen^ there are hjur photographs of the 
Garbham workings. 
Work was commenced on this deposit, which is probably the largest 
yet discovered in India, in February 1896, and since then an average 
1 Vol. XXVI, pp. 142 to 145, (1906). 
