Chap. XL.] vizagapatam : ramabhadrapuram. 1103 
The output figures for this deposit are as follows : — 
Year. 
Manganesc-ores. 
Ferruginous: manganese-ores. 
Total. 
1900 
30 
30 
1901 
10 
10 
1906 
2,211 
lei 
2,372 
1907 
1,470 
1.239 
2,709 
Total 
3,721 
1,400 
5,121 
20. RamabhadrapuFam. 
The deposits grouped under this name are not actually within the 
limits of this village. Tliere are three sets of excavations extended over 
a length of § mile in an E. 10° N. direction, along a very slightly raised 
grassy mound ; they he within the hmits of the following villages : — 
a. Sonpuram, known as West Mound, 
6. Mamidipilli, known as Middle Mound, 
c. Bankuruvasla, known as East Mound, 
and are worked by Mr. H. G. Turner. 
The most westerly excavations, those of Sonpuram, are about 
2 miles east of the main Salur-Vizianagram road where it passes 
through Ramabhadrapuram village. Sonpuram and Mamidipilli are in 
Salur taluk, while Bankuruvalsa is in Bobbili taluk. 
It is not certain that the ore seen in the Sonpuram pits is the same 
band as that seen in the other pits, so that there may be more than one 
band of ore. The maximum width of ore-band was 30 feet, in the main 
Bankuruvalsa pit, corresponding to an actual thickness of 15 feet, the 
dip being 30° But the full width of the ore was not here exposed. 
The dip usually varies from 30° to very steep to the south side of the 
strike, which is usually E. 10°— 25°S. 
la the Sonpuram pits the main ore-band lies to the south of 
laminated quartzites, as also in most of the Mamidipilli pits ; but in 
Bankuruvalsa and the most easterly of the Mamidipilli pits, the ore-bands 
exposed underlie {i.e., are to the north of) the laminated quartzite. 
The examination of these pits indicates that the original ' country ' 
was quartzite, often felspathic or garnetiferous, along the bedding 
planes of which masses of apatite-spandite-felspar-rock (kodurite), of the 
s^kme rock with quartz (quartz-kodurite), and of quartz-felspar-rock 
