1154 MANGANESE DEPOSITS OP India: DESCRIPTIVE. [Part IV: 
and yellow ochre, and partly in the variegated mixture of wad, litho- 
marge, and ochre, that accompanies and underlies the harder lateritoid- 
In neither case does the proportion of manganese-ore seem to be high, 
but the mode of occurrence is such that at any moment pockets of good 
manganese-ore of some size may be encountered. The ores are both 
psilomelane and pyxolusite, and all the ores, both iron and manganese, 
often show remains of quartzite and vein quartz. There is Httle doubt 
that in this case also the ores have formed by the replacement of a 
series of interbanded quartzites and argillaceous rocks, probably origi- 
nally phyllites. Some of the ores show concretionary structures, such 
aa botryoidal and stalactitic shapes. In some stalactites there are 
concentric layers of limonite and psilomelane, the limonite coating the 
psilomelane. The limonite in these stalactites is sometimes verv dark 
in colour and is then found to react for manganese, so that it is evidently 
a manganiferous limonite. 
6. Hattyal (Temple Hill Mine). 
This deposit is in a valley between two ridges about | mile S. S. W. 
of Karekurchi village. In the workings here there is a good section of 
white lithomarges and ' sandstones. ' The former are banded with 
wad, whilst the latter are patched with pyrolusite. The ore won is 
usually pyrolusite, often with some wad, and occm:s as patches in both 
the lithomarges and sandstones. The rock I have referred to as ' sand- 
stone ' breaks down into a white quartz sand on being handled. In all 
probability it is really a decomposed quartzite, and has become friable 
by the union between the separate grains of quartz being severed or 
loosened during the changes that have ai5ected the whole of this series 
of rocks. Here again it se-^ms probable that the ores have been formed 
hf the impregnation and replacement of original quartzites and phyl- 
lites or slates, the latter rocks having been altered to lithomarges at the 
same time as the manganese-ores were deposited. 
7. Harenhalli (Government Road Mine). 
This is situated just to the north of the 71st milestone on the 
Tumkur road. It is essentially similar to the Karekurchi deposit and 
needs no separate description here. 
