DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE RESI>ECTIVE COALFIELDS. 107 
were undertaken. The outcrops in the Madras Presidency are at 
Beddadanol and Madavaram (or Daniercherla). 
Beddadanol. — This field, which is about 5| square miles in extent, 
is situated about 38 miles west-north-west of Rajamahendi'i. It was 
first discovered by Dr. W. T. Blanford ' in 1871. Subsequently 
in 1875 it was visited by Dr. King,^ who gives further details 
as to the strata which are exposed. No coal was seen, but the 
sandstones presented a strong resemblance to those of the Singareni 
field. Borings made here by Mr. Vanstavern in 1874 fully bore 
out the prediction that this was an area of coal measures, as 
four seams were struck, the largest being i\ feet thick and at a 
depth of 188 feet 4 inches from the surface. But the quality of 
the coal, as indicated by analyses made by Mr. Tween, showed that 
it was excessively poor stuff and perfectly worthless as fuel. This 
is a most unfortunate fact, as the discovery was the first genuiiie one 
which had been made in the Madras Presidency. 
The analyses were as follows : — 
AVERAGE. 
Picked. 
Coal. 
Coke. 
Coal. 
Coke. 
16-4 
22-5 
37-0 
59-5 
VoIatUe 
30'6 
37-S 
53-0 
77-5 
25-2 
40-5 
100-0 
100-0 
100-0 
100-0 
In the Manual of the Geolorjij of India, Vol. Ill, Ball 
quoting King's opinion states that " It seems to be still possible, 
however, that borings to the deep within the margin of the over- 
lying Kamthi rocks may prove coal of better quality and greater 
thickness. The coal proved, it should be remembered, was in all 
probability near the original edge of the deposit, where it might 
easily be less pure and less thick than nearer to the centre of the 
basin." 
In 1903 exploration was taken up once more ; this time by a 
private firm. A number of boreholes were put down, but the 
1 Rrx., G. S. I., IV, 49-52 and 59-66, (1871). 
2 Idem, V, 112, and VII, 159, (1872-74). 
