52 MANGANESE DEPOSITS OP INDIA : MINERALOGY. [ PaRT I ' 
From this it might be thought that the mineral is only to be regarded 
as a variety of the very rare sort of braunite having the simple formula 
Mn203, in which a portion of the manganese is replaced by iron, the 
one molecule of Mn02 and the 3 of CaO being impurities. The quan- 
tity of the latter seems to me to be too large for it to be treated as an 
impurity, especially as the specimen analysed was a portion of one crystal 
only and was apparently quite pure and free from adventitious mat- 
ter. Apart from the presence of the lime and excess Mn02, the bronze 
tint of the mineral is sufficient to show that the mineral is not a variety 
of any sort of braunite ; for the latter usually possesses a rich black 
colour, and is, moreover, present in the same ore, as a mineral of very 
different appearance. Another alternative is to regard the iron as 
being present in the form of Fe304. Under this supposition the formula 
of the mineral works out as 6Mn3O4.4Fe3O4.i2MnO2.5CaO. It 
does not, even in this form, show any close relationship in formula to 
any other mineral. Hence it seems better to accept the simpler formula 
9Mn203,4Fe203.Mn02.3CaO, as the best expression of the compo- 
sition of this mineral, and to regard it as a new species. As the locality 
where it is found contains such a number of interesting minerals I think 
this mineral can be most appropriately called sitaparite} I do not at 
present know what is the meaning of the variable specific gravity noted 
above. It may correspond to a variation in the composition of the 
mineral in which one constituent is replaced by another without altering 
the general formula of the mineral. Further work on the mineral, when 
a larger number of specimens have been analysed, may result in a 
modification of the formula of the mineral as given above, but it wiU 
not alter the fact that the mineral has a individuality that enables it 
to be distinguished from all other manganese minerals. The only two 
minerals to which it bears any resemblance are manganmagnetite and 
vredenburgite. It is distinguished from the former by its bronze tint 
and weak magnetism ; and from the latter, which it resembles in its 
bronze tint, by its weak magnetism. 
Braunite. 
Of all the manganese-ores found in India braunite is, with the 
exception of psilomelane, the most important. The existence of this 
1 To be pronounced with the accent on the third sj'Uable' in which the ' a ' is like 
the 'a' in ' park '. The ' i ' in 'Sita' is pronounced like ' ee '. 
