170 
MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF INDIA: MINEKALOGY. [ PaRT I 
to 30 per cent, of manganese. I merely mention the fact to emphasize 
what enormous quantities of this mineral exist in association with the 
manganese- ores of the Central Provinces. The importance of it to the 
mining man is as a prospecting indication. For if he find a piece of 
spessartite, or rock containing it, he should look for its source ; for 
it may lead to the discovery of a body of manganese-ore with which 
it was associated. Although such enormous quantities of spessartite 
exist in India, it is a rare mineral in most other coimtries, except in small 
quantities. There are, however, a few localities outside India where it is 
to be found in fair abundance, as for example in the manganese- ore de- 
posits of the Queluz area, Brazil, and the spessartiferous rocks of Texas. 
The formation of the Indian mineral by the metamorphism of mangani- 
ferous sediments of Dharwar age is fully discussed on pages 288 — 292. 
When this mineral is found in coarse-grained rocks it usually shows 
more or less perfect crystals. Although I have not 
Localities for good given above a list of locaUties for this mineral in 
crvst&ls . • • 
India, I will give here the names of the localities at 
which the best crystals are to be found. They are : — 
Xarukot State : — 
Jothvad. 
Bhandara district : — 
Hatora. 
Chhindwara district : — 
Bichua and Gaimukh. 
Nagpur district : — 
Chargaon, Satak, and Waregaon. 
Kulu. 
At Jothvad a band of spessartite-quartz-rock of coarse grain was 
found. On the weathered surface the garnets were seen to be orange- 
red and joined together in parallel growth. The crystal form is the 
rhomb-dodecahedron, often distorted by growth along one axis into 
prismatic forms. 
At Hatora spessartite trapezohedra up to ^ inch diameter are found 
in amphibole-gondite. The crystals sometimes show minute hexoctahe- 
dral faces. 
At Bichua the garnet occurs in a pegmatite composed of white quartz 
and a white felspar lying between albite and oligoclase. The garnet 
where fresh is orange-red in colour, but sometimes dull brown-black due 
to alteration. The rock is intrusive into the gondite series. It is therefore 
not certain, though very probable, that this garnet is spessartite, for the 
