CHAPTER IX. 
MINERALOGY— cori^mweti. 
Associated Non-Manganiferous minerals. 
Graphite— Chalcopyrite — Pyrite— Fyrrhotite — Halite — Rose quartz — Amethyst-— 
Chalcedony and chert — Opal — Iron-ores — Hematite — Limonite — Magnetite — Martite 
— Gibbsite — Microcline — Sapphirine — Lithomarge and kaolin — Arsenates — Distinc- 
tion of arsenates, apatite, and barytes — Barytes. 
On pages 35, and 323 — 5 are lists of the minerals associated with the 
manganese-ore deposits of India. A large number are not of sufficient 
interest to require any notice beyond that necessary in cormection 
with the rocks in which they occur. A few, however, of which a list is given 
on page 35, are of more interest, usually on account of being found in crys- 
tals or masses of size sufficient to be examined without the use of the 
microscope. About these I propose to give here a few notes. 
. Graphite has been fomid at only two localities in association with 
Graphite manganese-bearing rocks in India. Both these occur- 
rences are in the Vizagapatam district. One was in 
one of the manganese- pyroxenites found at Chintelavalsa, the graphite 
being present in scales up to ^ inch across, associated with the quartz, 
in a rock composed of spandite, quartz, green pyroxene, rhodonite, and 
graphite, with also small quantities of biotite, apatite, and sphene. The 
other occurrence was as a loose block in the valley to the south of Taduru 
on the way to the Taduru occurrence of manganese-pyroxenite. The 
rock was a soft decomposed rock found imder the microscope to be 
composed of garnet (spandite), apatite, and manganese-ore, with 
abundance of the graphite, very conspicuous in the hand-specimen. 
Graphite was also seen in small quantity in the rock from Taduru 
noticed below in connection with pyrrhotite. The occurrence of 
graphite in these manganese-silicate-rocks may be an original feature, cp 
the graphite may have been picked up from the associated rocks of the 
khondahte series, in which graphite is one of the most characteristic 
minerals. 
The manganese-sUicate-rocks of India and the associated ores are 
remarkably free from all sulphides. Nevertheless, in 
Chuicopyiite. ^-^^ gneisses interbanded with the manganese- 
bearing rocks of Jothvad in Nurukot there is a littlo chalcopyrite. 
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