Chap. XVIII." puranas and gondwanas. 
367 
No certain evidence of the existence of contemporaneously-deposited 
Man'^ancse in the mangancse-ore in the rocks of the Vindhyan forma- 
Vindhyan formation. tion has yet been obtained. At Bunkuta near 
Gohugaon in the Nimar district, Central Provinces (see page 978), 
however, I have found small amounts of pyrolusite formed at the 
surface by the replacement of shales of Vindhyan age. Mr. Datta has 
found manganiferous hematite of possible Vindhyan age in Rewah 
(page 690). 
Since this was sent to the press an occurrence of manganese-ore 
in the Lower Bhander Sandstone division of the Vindhyans has been 
discovered in Bhopal, near Konugaon village, which is 2 miles west of 
the town of Bhopal. In the sandstone are numerous bands of conglo- 
merate, and in this and the sandstone psilomelane occurs in the form 
of irregular patches. It also occurs as dendroid films in the sandstone 
and, to a small extent, as a cementing material in the conglomerate. 
I am not awar3 if any of this manganese-ore is considered to have 
been deposited contemporaneously with the enclosing rock or whether 
it has all been secondarily introduced (see page 672). 
The occurrence mentioned by Marcadieu of crystals of marceHin 
Manganese in the (braxmite) in a manganiferous and ferruginous lime- 
Krol formation. stone, near Dharmsala in Kangra, probably refers 
to an occurrence of manganese in the Krol formation. 
Manganese in the Gondwanas. 
Manganese in the form of impregnations and stains and even nodules 
^ ^ ^ ^ has been several times recorded in the various 
Gondwana formations. Thus in the Ironstone 
Shale group in the Burdwan district the iron-ore is constantly manga- 
niferous, containing about 1| to 2^ per cent, of this element (see 
page 615). In the Kamthi group nodules of psUomelane have been 
^, . ^ found in clays at Malagarh Hill in the Wun district 
am 11 group. ^^^^ page 979), whilst oxide of manganese is 
doubtfully recorded as occurring in sandstone of this formation at 
Silewada in the Nagpur district^. In the Jabalpur division of the 
Gondwanas, psilomelane has been found in the 
a a pur group. form of nodules in clay in South Rewah (see page 
690). 
1 W. T. Blanford. Mem. G S.I., IX. p. 17, (1872). 
