Chap. XXIV.] 
VALUATION OF MANGANESE-ORES. 
497 
' Note.— Ore containing less than 40 per cent manganese or more than 12 ' 
per cent silica or 0-27 per cent phosphorus, subject to acceptance or refusal, 
buyer's option. 
' Settlements are based on analysis of sample dried at 212°F., the percentage 
of moisture in the sample as taken being deducted fi'om the weight. 
' Prices subject to cliange without notice, unless otherwise specially agi'eed 
upon.' 
The Indian ores containing in excess of 0*27 per cent, of phosphorus 
are those of Vizagapatam. These are sent 
Use of the Vizagapatam ^-^^ Continent, where they are said to be used 
in smelting the minette ores of Luxembui'g and 
Lorraine, being mixed with the iron ores in the blast-furnace burden 
in order to produce a pig low in sulphur, but high in manganese and 
phosphorus, for use in the basic Bessemer process of steel manufacture. 
As there are in many parts of the world manganese-ores that do not 
.J . come within the limits of the schedules for the 
' purchase of manganese-ores, it is often necessary 
to arrange special prices to suit special cases. 
Thus, according to the ' Mineral Industry ' for 1905 : 
' Russian ore of ordinary grades, during the five years 1898 — 1902, sold at an 
average price of $11 "54 per ton. More recently, however, prices, particularly of 
high-grade ore, have advanced strongly. The price is based on 50 per cent, man- 
ganese, with phosphorus not to exceed 0'17 per cent., nor silica 9 percent. Samples 
are dried at 100°C., and humidity is deducted. Such ore sells at European ports 
for 16 to 28c. per unit of manganese ; from o to 10c. per ton is deducted for each 
per cent, of silica. 
• On Turkish ore, the base is 45 per cent, manganese, with limits of 0-03 for phos- 
phorus and 11 per cent, for silica. 
' Japanese brown ore sell? at Hamburg at from $i2 per ton for 65 per cent. 
Mn02 ore (41 per cent. Mn.) to $27 '60 for 87 percent. Mn02 ore (55 per cent. Mn.) 
' For German ore, the price is calculated on a basis of 50 per cent. Mn02 at $4-80 
per ton, with an increase of 24c. for each unit of dioxide above 50. 
' French ore, calcined, with 35 to 40 per cent, manganese, in 1904 brought 30c. 
per unit.' 
The prices noticed in the preceding pages are those obtaining 
for manganese-ores destined for use in the iron 
forlhimicaTpufposr^ ^^d steel industry. For chemical purposes, 
however, it is not the percentage of manga- 
nese that is of importance, but the oxygen in the form of peroxide of 
manganese, Mn02, this oxygen being known as available oxygen, be- 
cause it can be liberated from the ore on treating it with acid. The 
prices obtained for ores fitted for chemical purposes are often much 
