44 
HAYDRN; GEOLOGY OF SPITI. 
Kungri, while the limestone with Syringothyris is well exposed near 
the village, although that fossil is not perhaps so common as either 
at Muth or in the Lipak section. 
To the north-west of Muth, in the valley of the Parahio, near the 
Carboniferous in the village of Gyetzan (Gaichund), the carboniferous 
Parahio, Ritang and beds and the greater part of the Muth quartzite 
Gyundi valleys. 
have been cut out by a fault, but re-appear in 
the upper reaches of the R^tang (PI. I, fig. i) and Gyundi rivers 
(PI. Ill, fig. i), where their thickness is little, if at all, greater than at 
Muth. In the high ranges, however, between the Gyundi river and 
the village of I.osar, the beds rapidly thicken, and near Trdkse, at the 
head of th( Spiti river, the serie.'^ is thicker than in any other part of 
Spiti, though apparently not so thick as in the Lipak valley in 
Kanaur. At Trakse the beds have been greatly disturbed and crushed, 
Carboniferous of ^ut still contain numerous fossils, which are, how- 
upper Spiti. ever, badly distorted. The lowest horizon recog- 
nised is that containing (?) Streptorhynchus umdraci/lum,Sch\oih., 
and other brachiopods, already described from the Yulang valley as 
of possibly devonian age {supra, p. 34). This is overlain by limestone 
and quartzites, above which are flaggy limestones, representing horizon 
{a) and containing large numbers of distorted specimens of Productus, 
Chonetes and Rhynchonella : the beds between these two fossiliferous 
horizons are about 500 feet thick. The upper horizon is overlain by 
a series of flaggy limestones, which represent the uppermost sub- 
divisions (Nos. 6 and 7) of the Lipak series. 
Before attempting to correlate these beds with supposed carboni- 
ferous rocks of other areas, it will be advisable to describe the overlying 
shales and quartzites, which are found in upper and lower Spiti and 
Kanaur, and which constitute Stoliczka's " eastern facies." Owing to 
their remarkable development in the neighbourhood of Po, they may 
be conveniently termed the " Po series." ^ 
' In spile of the desirability of eliminating local names, this is not possible in 
the present instance, for the age of these beds is still uncertain and they cannot 
be definitely referred to either of the upper palaeozoic systems. 
C 44 ) 
