64 
HAYDEN : GEOLOGY OF SPITI. 
(i) Otoceras zone- 
Hard, ferruginous limestone ...... 5 ins. 
with Otoceras woodivardi, Griesbach. 
,, clivei. Diener. 
„ n. sp. 
It was at first supposed by Dr. von Krafft that bed No. 2 was that 
in which Otoceras occurred, although no specimens of that genus 
were found by him in Spiti. It had, however, already been obtained 
by the present writer from the lowest horizon, and was subsequently 
found in the same bed by Dr. von Krafift in other parts of the Hima- 
layas. He therefore adopted the above subdivision of Diener's "Oto- 
ceras beds." The lowest or Otoceras zone can 
now be almost certainly correlated with the 
"main layer of Otoceras woodivardi" of Kumaon and Garhwal. From 
this horizon Professor Diener obtained one specimen of MedUcottia 
dalailamcz, Diener,^ while from the shales immediately overlying this 
" main layer " another specimen was collected by Mr. Griesbach. A 
comparison of these specimens with MedUcottia wynnei, Waagen, 
from the Chideru beds of the Salt Range, led Dr. von Krafft to the 
conclusion that the two species were identical,^ and he therefore cor- 
related the Chideru beds with the Otoceras zone of the Himalayas, 
thereby giving support to Dr. Noetling's opinion as to the permian 
age of the Otoceras zone. At the same time, it should be noted that 
Professor Diener refuses to admit the identity of the two forms, ^ and 
the question cannot, therefore, be considered as beyond dispute. 
At the end of the last chapter Dr. Noetling's table of correlations 
of the Salt Range horizons with those of the 
Ophiceras zone. Himalayas has been partly reproduced * : from 
this it will be seen that he places the Otoceras zone even lower in the 
series than did Dr. von Krafft, and correlates the overlying zone (Ophi- 
ceras zone) with the zones of MedUcottia wynnei and Euphemus indi- 
* Pal. Indica, ser. XV, vol. II, pt. i, p. 59. 
* Centralblatt fur Min., etc., No. 9, 1901, p. 275. 
* Ihid., No. 17, 1901, p. 513, 
* Supra, p. §6, 
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