74 
HAYDEN : GEOLOGY OF SPITl. 
Stoliczka.l Subsequently they were considerably augmented by 
Mr. Griesbach. 
From the list given above it will be seen that there is the closest 
resemblance between the muschelkalk fauna of Spiti and that of the 
more easterly parts of the Central Himalayas, almost all the species 
that have been recorded from the latter having now been found in 
Spiti. 
Throughout Spiti and Bashahr, wherever the middle trias is ex- 
posed, good sections with muschelkalk fossils can be found, but the 
most accessible are those of the Pin valley, viz.^ that behind the village 
of Muth, and the section near (N -N.-W. of) K4ga on the left side of 
the Parahio ; it is from the latter locality that the greater part of the 
recent collections was derived. 
An examination of the collections made from the muschelkalk of 
Spiti in 1898, led Dr. von Krafft to believe that the ladinic stage of 
Europe, hitherto supposed to be wanting in the Himalayan trias,* 
either existed in Spiti as a separate horizon or was included in the 
upper muschelkalk. At the same time, the presence of this stage in 
Spiti was inferred by Dr. Bittner' from a specimen of Daonella lom- 
meli, Wissm., found among the collections entrusted to him for descrip- 
tion. Special attention was therefore devoted to this point, and it was 
found that the ladinic stage was not only present but was very well 
developed, and that there was a gradual passage between it and the 
uppermost muschelkalk, several species of ammonites being common 
to both stages. 
The beds representing the ladinic stage fall into two main subdivi- 
sions, the lower of which is chiefly composed of shaly beds (Daonella 
shales), while the upper consists of hard, dark, splintery limestones 
(Daonella limestone). 
1 Memoirs, G. S. I., vol. V. 
» E. von Mojsisovics : Pal. Indica, sen. XV, vol. Ill, pt. I, p. I35- C. Diener : 
Denkschr. d. i<. Akad., Wien, 1895, p. 581. 
3 A. Bittner : Pal. Indica, ser. XV, vol. ill, pt. 2, p. 3S. 
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