TRIASSIC SYSTEM. 
75 
The lower beds are thin-bedded, flaggy and shaly limestones with 
earthy shales and bands of hard, dark limestone ; 
Uaonella shales. , , . , ... ..... . , . ^ r ^ 
the thickness of this subdivision is about lOO feet. 
Fossils are common near the base of the series ; they include — 
Daonella lomineli, Wisstn. 
„ indica, Bittner. 
* Spirigera hunica, Bittner. 
** Proarcestes bicinctus, Mojs. 
* Ptychites gerardi, Blanf. 
* Hungarites ttitiensis, Mojs. 
„ aff. moj'sisovicsi, Bceckh. 
* „ n.sp. 
Ceratites n. sp. aff. Cer. himalayanus, Blanf. 
Gymnites ecki, Mojs. 
Trachyceras ladinum, Mojs. 
„ aff. archelaus, Mojs. 
The species marked * have already been recorded from the uppei 
„ muschelkalk ; from the above list it will be seen 
Forms coinmon to 
Daonella sbales and that they also occur in association with Gymnites 
upper muschelkalk. i.- t i i j- j .1 r 
eckt, 1 rachyceras ladinum, and other forms 
characteristic of the ladinic stage of Europe.^ The ladinic age of this 
subdivision is further confirmed by the presence of Daonella lommeli, 
Wissm. A single specimen of this fossil was found by the late Dr. 
Bittner among the collections made by Mr. Griesbach near Muth,^ but 
it was subsequently found to be very common in the so-called " Daonella 
beds " throughout Spiti and Bashahr. 
It is evident, therefore, that no palaeontological break occurs in Spiti 
, , above the upper muschelkalk, but that the 
Abserce of palsEon- '^^ ' 
tological break in mid- passage into the ladinic stage is so gradual that 
die trias. , , ,. , ^ 
no boundary line can be fixed between the two. 
'A fuller discussion of this question wi i be found in the General Report, 
G. S. I., 1899-1900, pp. 208—213. 
^The presence of this species in Spiti had been originally recorded by 
Stoliczka, but owing to its absence from his collections, doubts were cast by 
Dr. Bittner on the accuracy of his determination (Pal. Indica, sen XV, vol. Ill, 
Pt. 2, p. 34)- 
( 75 ) 
