CORRELATION WITH SIMLA SERIES. IO5 
This correlation was subsequently followed by Lydekker, who 
states that " there is no room for doubt as to the identity of the Panjdl 
rocks with the Blaini and infra-BWwA series of [Simla] and the Muth 
and Bhabeh series of [Spiti] : he was thus led to attribute to his 
Panjil system an age very much greater than now appears probable. 
So far as the area touched on in the present memoir is concerned, 
there is a very considerable superficial resemblance between the lower 
palaeozoic rocks of Spiti and some of the Simla beds, certain units 
in the one finding their exact lithological counterparts in the other. 
Thus the quartzites, slates and grits of the /«/r<z-BIaini beds, as seen 
near the tunnel on the Simla-Mashobra road, are indistinguishable 
in hand specimens from the Cambrian rocks of the Thanam valley in 
Bashahr and of the Parahio valley in Spiti. Higher in the Cambrian 
system, both in Bashahr and Spiti, are soft, intensely black carbona- 
ceous shales, which are the exact counterpart of the carbonaceous 
shales of Simla, while the reddish-brown and pink dolomite of the 
upper Cambrian of the Parahio valley bears a strong lithological 
resemblance to the Blaini dolomite. 
In the case of the lower silurian conglomerate, the resemblance 
is less striking. With regard to its correlation by Stoliczka with the 
Blaini boulder bed, Mr. Oldham has remarked : " The Muth series of 
Stoliczka resembles nothing I am acquainted with in the Simla area. 
One thing I feel certain of, that it does not represent the Blaini 
group of Simla. The conglomerates of Muth are perfectly ordinary 
conglomerates and quite different to the very peculiar Blaini rock." 
So far as the conglomerate is concerned, the outcrops near Muth 
undoubtedly bear out Mr. Oldham's view as to its origin. In many 
places, however, where the rock has undergone a certain amount of 
shearing, the matrix resembles a fine-grained slate, though it is not in 
reality so fine as that of the Blaini rock, and more nearly resembles that 
of the Po conglomerate (see below, p. 109 ; see also PI. XVII). Certainly 
there is no reason to look upon it as of glacial origin. At the same 
' Memoirs, G. S. I., vol. XXII, p. 249. 
( ) 
