LITERATURE. 
9 
A. V. Krafft's greatest success was the discovery of rich Triassic and 
Liassic faunae in the exotic blocks of Malla Johar, where the Mesozoic 
beds are developed in a facies differing completely from the normal 
facies of the main sedimentary belt of the Central Himalayas. The 
stratigraphical and tectonic results of his survey have been sumniar- 
ized in a very interesting paper. ^ Soon after having finished liis 
manuscript, he died suddenly on the 22nd September 1901. By liis 
death the Geological Survey of India suffered the loss of a most valuable 
Himalayan explorer. 
In 1900 a new problem came up, concerning particularly the cor- 
relation of the Lower Triassic beds of the Himalayas and the Salt 
Range. 
In the Salt Range, which had given the most perfect sections of 
upper Palaeozoic and Lower Triassic formations, there appeared a 
complete series of beds distinguished by easily recognised differences in 
their lithological characters and in their fossils. A lower division, the 
Productus limestone, had been assigned to the Permian, and an upper 
one, the Ceratite formation to the Triassic system. 
Noetling's researches in the Salt Range had led him to views 
regarding the Permo-Triassic boundary in the Ceratite beds which 
differed considerably from those of previous workers both in that 
area and in the Central Himalayas. In 1900 he visited the sections of 
the Shalslial cliff and of the vicinity of the Niti Pass, in order to study 
the boundary between the undoubted Permian and the Otoceras beds. 
His proposal to draw the actual boundary between the Permian and 
Triassic systems above the top of the Otoceras beds, has given rise to 
a careful discussion of all the points, in which he and Diener differed in 
their interpretation. 
In this discussion Noetling was supported by A. v. Krafft, Diener by 
J. P. Smith.2 
^ A. V. KrafPt : Notes on the exotic blocks of Malla Johar in the Bhot Mahals 
of Kumaon. Mem. Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. XXXII, Pt. 3, 1902. — For descrip- 
tions and figures of fossils, vide C. Diener, Triassic and Liassic faunae from the 
exotic blocks of Malla Johar in the Bhot Mahals of Kumaon. Palceont. Ind., ser. 
XV, Vol. I, Pt. 1,(1908). 
r. Noetling : Die Otoceras beds in India. Centralblatt f. Mineral, etc., 1900, 
\>. -IWi, ixnd General Report, Gcul, Sarv. of India lov VdOi^-iil, p. 28. A. v. Kratft : 
{ 210 ) 
