LOWER TRIAS : SPITI. 
17 
In the large collections which were made by H. Hayden and A. v. Krafft, 
tlie following species are represented : — 
Otoceras Woodwardi Griesb. (Khar, 5 miles S. of Ensa, S. E. of 
Muth, KuUng). 
,, c/. undatum Griesb. (5 miles S. of Ensi). 
„ Clivei Dien. (5 miles S. of Ensa, S. E. of Muth, S. W. of 
„ Gaichund). 
„ nov. sp. ind. aff. Clivei Dien. (S. W. of Gaichund). 
They occur together with Episageceras Dalailamace Dien., Prosphin- 
qites nala Dien. and several species of Ophiceras, especially 0. Sakuntala 
Dien., which is also the most frequent companion of the genus Otoceras 
in the corresponding beds of Painkhanda. 
From the higher beds of the lower Trias of Spiti Otoceras is com- 
pletely absent. 
The next fossiliferous horizon is bed 3. Both Ophiceras and Pseudo- 
monotis Griesbachi — a representative of the Alpine group of Claraia — 
are very common. The genus Ophiceras Griesb. is represented by the 
following species : — 
Ophiceras Sakuntala Dien. 
„ tibeticum Griesb. 
,, c/. demissum 0pp. 
„ Chamunda Dien. 
Xenodiscus radians Waag. also occurs in this main layer of Ophiceras, 
whereas the presence of Meekoceras, although quoted by A. v. Krafft 
(General Report Geol. Surv. of India for 1899-1900, p. 200) and Hayden 
(Geology of Spiti, 1. c, pp. 63, 65), cannot yet be considered as beyond 
dispute. 
Whereas in bed 3 Ophiceras is the predominating genus, it is 
extremely rare in bed 4, being represented there by a single species only 
{Ophiceras obtuso-angulatum Dien.). Its place is taken by the genus 
Meekoceras. Including the two subgenera Aspidites and Koninckites, 
not less than fourteen species are present, namely : — 
Meekoceras Varaha Dien. 
Markhami Dien. 
„ lilangense Krafft. 
„ lingtiense Krafft. 
„ tenuistriatum Krafft 
c ( 218 ) 
t 
