46 
DIENEE : TRIAS OP THE HIMALAYAS. 
This paper was again answered by Diener, who refused to admit 
the identity of the two species of Medlicottia [Episageceras)} 
In the meantime an extensive memoir on the Permian and Triassic 
rocks of the Salt Range was published by Noetling.- Revising his 
former views on the Permian age of the Ceratite formation, he now 
admits their correlation with the Triassic system and draws the 
boundary between the two zones of Euphemus indicus below, and 
Celtites sp. of the lower Ceratite limestone above. The Otoceras beds 
o. the Himalayas are no longer considered as equivalent to the 
Ceratite marls, as in 1900, but to the Upper Productus limestone. 
Noetling places the Otoceras bed s. s. even lower in the series than 
A. V. Krafft, correlating it with the Permian zone of Bellerophon 
impressus and the overlying Ophiceras. bed with the zone of 
Euphemus indicus of the Chide ru group. 
These views have been set forth more fuUy in a chapter of the 
Leihoea Paloeozoica, dealing with the Permian rocks of the 
Himalayas,' and support has been given to them by F. Freeh,* 
who correlated the Indian Otoceras beds with the Permian Bellerophon 
limestone of the Eastern Alps. 
Both papers were answered in a short note by Diener, who 
commented on the remarkable change in Noetling's system of 
correlation.^ 
The attitudes of the two disputants are brought out clearly 
by their principal reports on the problem of the Permo-Triassic 
boundary in the Himalayas, which appeared in 1905. An exhaustive 
study of the stratigraphy and age of the Otoceras beds was published 
by Noetling who divided the uninterrupted complex of dark limestone 
and shaly clay witli its uniform fauna into three palaeontological 
1 C. Diener : Ueber das Alter der Otoceras beds des Himalaya, ibidem, 
p. 513. 
2 F. Noetling : Beitraege zur Geologie der Salt Range, insbesondere der 
permischen und triadischen Ablagerungen. Neues Jahrb. f. Min., etc., Beilagebd. 
XIV, p. 467. 
3 F. Noetling : Die Dyas des Himalaya, Lethoea pilceozoica, II, p. 653. 
* F. Freeh : ibidem, p. 577. 
* C. Diener : Zur Frage des Alters der Otoceras beds in Himalaya, Centralbl. f. 
Min., 1901, p. 655. 
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