MUSCIIELKALK OF SPlTl AND PAINKIIANDA. 55 
The following table shows this correlation of Permo-Triassic beds 
in the Eastern Alps and in India : — 
Eastern Alps. 
Salt Range. 
Himalayas. 
Buntsand- 
stein 
Campil beds 
Upper Ceratite 
limestone. 
fiCxYx A of iSf? nivifp Q 
spiniger. 
Ceratite sandstones 
Hedenstrcemia beds. 
Ceratite marls 
Meekoceras beds. 
Seis beds with Cla- 
rata sp., Bellero- 
phon Vaceki, etc. 
Lower Ceratite lime- 
stone. 
(Scythian 
stage.) 
Unfossiliferous beds 
in the section of 
Chideru. 
Otoceras beds with 
Claraia sp., Avicula 
aff. U enetiana, Belle- 
rophon cf. Vaceki. 
Upper 
Permian. 
Bellerophonkalk, with 
Product us indicus, 
P. A hichi Bellero- 
phon Vigilii, etc. 
Upper Productus 
limestone. 
Kuling shales (lime- 
stone of Pomarang 
with Bellerophon 
Vigilii). 
On considering these several facts, I have been confirmed in my 
view published in 1897, that the Otoceras beds of the Himalayas must 
be included with the Lower Trias and that the boundary between the 
Permian and Triassic systems must be drawn between the Otoceras 
beds and the Kuling shales in th( Himalayas, between the Chideru 
stage of the Upper Productus Limestone and the Lower Ceratite Lime- 
stone in the Salt Range, between the Bellerophonkalk and the lower 
Werfen beds (Seis beds) in the Eastern Alps. 
IL The Middle Trias. 
(Muschelkalk and Ladinic stage.) 
rt. The Muschelkalk of Spiti and Painkhanda. 
There is an almost perfect identity in the development of the 
Muschelkalk in Spiti and Painkhanda, although it has taken a consi- 
derable time to establish this fact with full certainty. A. v. 
Krafft was the first to draw attention to this uniform development, 
( 256 j 
