132 
DIENER : TEXAS OF THE HIMALAYAS. 
B. Tibetan Facies. 
The discovery of exotic blocks in Malla Johar by C. L. Griesbach, 
C. Diener and (\ S. Middlemiss in 1892 acquainted us with a region 
situated to the north of the main Mesozoic belt of the Himalayas, in 
which a rapid change of facies takes place. The Permian and Triassic 
strata as exhibited in those exotic blocks show a development differing 
from that of the corresponding beds in the normal sections of Spiti, 
Painkhanda and Byans. 
The facts stated by this expedition^ were corroborated by A. v. 
Krafft's exploration of the exotic blocks in the neighbourhood of 
the Balchdhura in 1900. A. v. KrafTt found a fairly complete 
sequence of Permian, Triassic and even liassic beds in the exotic blocks 
of Malla Johar, but he noticed that every single horizon was represented 
by beds of comparatively small thickness and belonging to a facies 
quite different from that of the beds of corresponding age in the Bamba- 
nag and Shalshal cliffs, notwithstanding their short distance apart of 
scarcely ten miles. The former A. v. Krafft termed the Tibetan and 
the latter the Himalayan facies. - 
Evidence has been obtained of the representation of the following 
Triassic horizons : — 
a. Lower Trias. 
A large block of a dark red, earthy limestone, thin bedded, with a 
few grey layers, near the Kiogarh-Chitichun Pass (17,900 feet), marked 
E. B. No. 20 on the map accompanying A. v. Krafft's memoir, has yield- 
ed the following species of ammonites : — 
Meekoceras joharense Krafft. 
infrequens Krafft. 
,, jolinkense Krafft. 
Xenodiscus c/. nivalis Dien. 
Hedenstrcemia cf. hyansica Krafft. 
1 C. Diener, Ergebnisse, I.e., pp. 588-007, and Mem., Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. 
XXVIII, pp. 1-27. C. L. Griesbach, Notes on tlie Central Himalayas, Records, 
Geol. Surv. of India, Vol. XXVI, Pt. I, 1893, pp. 19-25, and ' ' On the exotic blocks 
of the Himalayas," Compte rendu de la IX scftsion du Congres Geol. internal. Yienne, 
1900, pp. 547-552. 
2 A. V. Krafft, Notes on the exotic blocks of Malla Johar in the Bhot Mahals 
of Kumaon, Mejn., Geol, Surv. of India, Vol. XXXII, Pt. 3, pp. 127-183. 
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