118 
DIENER : TRIAS OF THE HIMALAYAS. 
the rich materials of Brachiopoda and LameUibrnnchiata collected by 
Woi'obieff, the Triassic series begins with shales containing Knninchina 
TcUcri Bittn. and Nucula strigiUata Goldf., which must be conelated 
with the carnic stage. They aic overlaid by grey and red lime- 
stones, which have yielded a rich fauna of noric and rhsetic age. The 
following are the most characteristic species : — 
Pseudomonoiis ochotica Keyserl. 
Atnfhiclinodonta Katzeri Bittn. 
., Siiessii Hofm. 
Terehratula pyriformis Suess. 
,, turcica Bittn. 
Waldheimin reflexa Bittn. 
Spiriferina Suessi Winld. 
of. hoessenensis Zugm. 
Spirifjera Manzabinii Bittn. 
,, nxijkolpos Emmr. 
Retzia superbesescem Bittn. 
Rhynchonella fissicostata Suess. 
levantina Bittn. 
,, Fuggeri Bittn. 
This fauna shows a decidedly Mediterranean character, with the sole 
exception of Pseudomonotis ochotica, which points to a connection of 
the Mediterranean with the Siberian region.^ Most of the fossils 
■^re identical or closelv allied with species from Baalia Maaden. 
There is no affinity with the Upper Triassic faunae of the Himalayas. 
Fossils of Lower Triassic age — Pseudomonofis [Claraia) Clarai and 
Tirolites sp. — were noticed from Djulfa (Armenia) by E. v. 
Mojsisovics.'- They occur in a quartzite series, which follows above 
grey marls and limestones containing Lima Footei Waag. Their strati- 
graphical position is considerably higher than that of the Permian 
Otoceras beds of Djulfa, but F. Freeh and G. v. Arthaber'' have not 
succeeded in fixing it exactly in Abich's section across the Araxes 
1 Pseudomonotis ochotica is also known from tlie Upper Triassic shales and sand- 
stones of Simferopol in the Crimea (G. v. Arthaber, Alpine Trias, Leiha-n mesoz., 
Hd. 1, p. 440). 
- E. V. Mojsisovics : Zur Altersbestimmung der Sedimentiprformationen in der 
Aiaxesenge bei Djulfa in Armenian, Verhandl. K. K. Geol. Reichsanst., 1879, p. 171. 
F. Freeh and G. v. Arthaber : Ueber das Palaeozoikum in Hocharmenien iind 
Persen, Beitrcege zur Geol. ti. Pal. (Esterr. Ungarnseic., XII, 1900, p. 176. 
( 349 ) 
