2 
LINN COUNTY NURSERY 
Evergreens 
The following are the best kinds of Evergreens to plant in this state for shelter 
)elts and ornaments. There is nothing which will add more to the value of a farm 
)i more comfort to the occupants than a well arranged plantation of Evergreens. 
Their shade is cool and refreshing in summer, and a belt of them is the greatest 
jarrier against winter blasts that can be provided. Our Evergreens have been two 
or three times transplanted; are heavily rooted, stocky and thrifty plants. Failure 
with Evergreens is usually due to careless handling, planting or cultivation. Any 
soil that will grow corn or garden vegetables is suitable for Evergreens. 
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Directions for Planting and Caring for Evergreens. 
Handling. — Evergreen roots must always b e very carefully protected from the 
sun and dry air. If they ever become thoroughly dried, the tree, unlike other trees, 
can never be revived. The roots should be dipped in a paste of mud before placing 
m the hole. 
Planting. — Dig holes large, so that the roots are not crowded, using the top 
•oil in the bottom of the hole and arranging the roots carefully, working the fine soil 
around and among them with your hand and shaking the tree occasionally as the 
filling is going on, to settle the soil. When the roots are well covered, hold the 
tree upright, treading the soil very firmly around and over them with the feet. 
When this is done you have a basin or a hole around the tree that will hold half a 
pail of water; fill this basin with water and in half an hour or so, after the water 
has soaked away, fill the basin with good mellow soil without much tramping. 
Watering. — The month of August is the critical period for newly planted Ever- 
greens, for during this month, unlike deciduous trees, Evergreens make a new root 
growth, which requires moisture. If rains have not been plentiful the trees should 
be watered. Make a basin around each tree by pulling away the soil with a hoe and 
water as above. If the season is very hot and dry. this watering should be com- 
menced the latter part of July and continued through the period of drought. 
Cultivation. — Thorough cultivation is very essential to the growth of vegetation 
of all kinds and nothing appreciates it more than Evergreens. They should be culti- 
vated at least once a week up to August ist, when a good mulching of partially 
rotted hay or straw may be given. Care should be taken not to use green manure 
as it is detrimental. 
Seedlings. — The largest sizes of seedlings may be planted and treated as above; 
smaller sizes should be planted in well prepared beds with a dibble, and shaded 
the first season. 
Windbreaks. — Plant Spruces, Firs and Arborvitaes in single rows, 4 to 6 feet 
apart; double rows, 10 feet apart. Scotch and Austrian Pines; single row, 8 feet, 
double row, 10 to 12 feet. White Pine; single row, 8 feet, double row, 12 to 14 feet. 
Hedges. — Arborvitae, 10 to 18 inches, 15 inches apart; 18 to 24 inches, 18 inches 
apart; 2 feet and larger, 2 feet apart. Spruce and Cedar, 2 to 4 feet apart, according 
to size. 
Descriptions. 
White Pine (Pinus strobus). — One of the best, largest and longest lived Ever- 
greens. The foliage is a warm light green, often with a bluish tinge. The leaves 
are in fives, three or four inches long, very soft and delicately fragrant. After get- 
ting well started it is the most rapid grower of all Evergreens and adapts itself to 
a great variety of soils. It is one of the best for shelter, and the best large growing 
Evergreen to plant near buildings or along streets to be trimmed up for shade; few 
trees unite so many elements of beauty and utility as our native White Pine. 3 to 
4 feet, 50c each, $4.50 per 10, $40.00 per 100; 2 to 3 feet, 40c each, $3.50 per 10, 
I30.00 per 100; 18 to 24 inches, 30c each, $2.50 per 10, $20.00 per 100. 
Bull Pine or Western Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderrosa). — A heavy wooded pine 
and a rapid grower, forming a tree of great size. Its very long coarse foliage is a 
beautiful light green and stands out squarely from the limbs, thus making it very 
valuable for landscape or windbreaks. This tree requires the best of rare in trans- 
planting, but when once started, thrives in almost any location, either wet or very 
dry. Undoubtedly this is the best pine for Western Iowa and beyond. 18 to 24 
