2 
Linn County Nursery 
Apples thrive in almost any well-drained soil. They respond to good care and 
cultivation and pay well for it. A farm with a well-cared-for orchard will sell for 
much more than one without. The old orchard is one of the last things forgotten 
about an old homestead. 
Commercial orcharding. Iowa is in the heart of the apple-producing region of 
the United States. Commercial orcharding has great possibilities here. By intensive 
methods it has been proved that apples can be made as sure a croy here as any- 
where, and many well-tended orchards are yielding large profits to their owners. 
The quality of Iowa apples cannot be excelled and their size and color compares 
well with that of the more tasteless apples of the West. 
Varieties. In planting a commercial orchard it is judicious to plan but a few 
varieties and these should be selected with reference to securing the best pollina- 
tion. Experience has shown that large block of single varieties are often more or 
less barren. Home orchards should be selected to have fruit from early until late. 
Size to Plant. For commercial orchards it is always best to choose small, thrifty 
trees one or two years old and from three to five feet high, as these are more safely 
transplanted and with more satisfactory results than older and larger trees; in fact, 
the three to four-foot size is now being more used in commercial plantings than 
any other. 
How Propagated. Our apple trees are grafted by the most approved methods, 
aimmg to produce trees best adapted to withstand the rigors of this climate We 
use the piece root and long cion and plant up to the top bud. This makes a tree on 
Its own roots and of known hardiness. Experience has repeatedly proved that trees 
budded or grafted on whole roots are not hardier than the seedling roots used which 
are very variable and often too tender. Orchards of budded or "whole root" trees 
after a test winter will be found to contain scattering live trees surorunded by dead 
ones of the same varieties, because they had no roots of their own and only a few 
of the seedlings upon which they were budded or grafted were hardy enough to 
Summer Apples 
Beautiful Arcade — Medium large, yellow 
with red splashes and streaks. Flesh 
white, tender, sweet and very pleasant. 
Last of August and September. Tree an 
upright grower, very hardy and vigor- 
ous; one of the most desirable varieties 
for the North and Northwest. 
DueheHs (Oldenburg, Duchess of Olden- 
burg) — Large, yellow with large stripes; 
sour. Very valuable for market and cul- 
inary purposes. August and September. 
A Russian variety which Is very hardy, 
vigorous and prolific. 
Livelond (Llveland Raspberry, Lowland 
Raspberry) — Medium to large, beautiful- 
ly blushed, round; flesh tender, mild 
and delicious. The first to ripen and the 
best of the early apples. Tree very 
hardy, thrifty and prolific. 
Sops of Wine — Medium to large, roundish, 
red; flesh mild and of excellent quality. 
August and September. 
Summer Pear — Larg, round, yellow with 
red cheek; mild, melting and very good. 
Very hardy, vigorous, and a new variety 
of much promise. 
Yellow Tranxiiarent — Large, yellow, sour 
of good quality and very early. One of 
the hardiest of varieties, but very sub- 
ject to blight. 
Also Benoni, Early Colton, iSweet June 
Red Astrachan, Tetofsky and others. 
