WOODEN UTENSILS. 
69 
that the hassanes allow them to gather haze for themselves, 
which tends much to alleviate their condition ; the mara- 
bout s, on the other hand, make them collect it for them, 
and give them a very small quantity of it, and that without 
milk. 
The herds of the hassanes are less numerous than those 
of the marabouts ; they have hardly ever any thing in their 
camp but a few cows and oxen ; the rest of their cattle, the 
camels excepted, are entrusted to zenagues, or tributaries, 
who are responsible for them, and bring them back when 
they are wanted. Each tribe has a distinct mark for its 
herds, to which the proprietor adds his own counter-mark. 
The wooden vessels which they use for milking are mad ; y 
their workmen; they take a piece of the trunk of a tree of 
suitable size, cover it with cow-dung except where they 
mean to hollow it out ; then putting fire under it, they blow 
up the fire with bellows, driving the flame towards the wood ; 
and thus, the dampness of the cow-dung on the outside 
preventing it from burning too far, the vessel is hollowed. 
They make wooden funnels also by this process, which is 
very tedious, but the only one with which they are ac- 
quainted « 
I have already mentioned that I was on the point of 
continuing my journey, and that my guide had left me at 
Lam-Khate. On the 10th of October, one of the sons of 
Mohammed-Sidy, lakariche, gave me a slave for a guide ; we 
set off at seven o'clock in the morning, and advanced a mile 
to the west along the bank of a large lake, where I saw 
plenty of ducks, teal, and coots. The soil in the neighbour- 
hood of the lake is argillaceous and rich ; I observed there 
some stems of millet of the preceding year. After having 
passed this lake, we directed our course to the S. W. and 
proceeded fifteen miles on stony ground covered with dog- 
grass. I had nothing to hold water, and suffered from 
thirst. On the road we met a marabout riding on an ox 3 
