THE EASTERN COAST. 
361 
coast, and the point where the India ships stopped 
for refreshment. De Barros, however, regrets 
the choice of a situation so extremely unhealthy, 
that fleets, which an unfavourable monsoon 
obliged to winter in it, were often left in spring 
without men sufficient for enabling them to 
proceed on their voyage. The ambition of the 
Portuguese now involved them in a long train of 
hostilities, both with the Arabs and with the na- 
tive inhabitants. In the year 1769, the Arabs 
were entirely expelled from Mosambique and So- 
fala, and, at the same time, from all their settle- 
ments on the river Zambese. The Portuguese 
now began to attempt penetrating into the inte- 
rior, in search of the mines containing the gold 
that was brought down to the coast. Don Sebastian, 
immediately on his accession, sent out a formidable 
expedition under Francis Barreto, for the purpose 
of penetrating into the territories of Monomotapa 
and Manica. Barreto seems to have possessed all 
the vigour and enterprise requisite for so arduous 
a service. The sovereign of Monomotapa, called 
the Quiteve, being exceedingly dubious as to the 
object and issue of this expedition, resolved to op- 
pose it with his whole force. He soon found him- 
self unable to cope with the Portuguese in the open 
field ; but he began a concealed and harassing 
warfare, by sudden attacks and cutting off their 
supplies. Though the Portuguese suffered dread- 
