126 
MR' LUCAS'S 
prevailing winds are the fame ; their rains, which are periodical 
in each, though much more profufe in Bornou, begin at the fame 
feafon ; the fame grains are cultivated ; the fame fruits (generally 
fpeaking) are produced ; and except that no camels are bred 
to the weftward of the City of Caflma, the capital of the empire, 
the fame animals are reared. In both, the complexion of the 
inhabitants is black ; their mode of building too is limilar, and 
their manners, though in fome refpeds more civilized in Bor- 
nou, have a general refemblance. 
Each of the two empires is formed by the fubje(5lion of dif- 
ferent tribes or nations to the dominion of one ruling peo- 
ple. The nature of the Government, and the laws which regu- 
late its fucceffion, are the fame in both. In both, the ruling 
people are Mahometans; in both, the dependent nations are 
compofed of converts to the MulTelman faith, and of adherents 
to the antient worfliip ; and though at prefent their languages 
are different, the conquerors in both had probably the fame ori- 
ginal 
Of thefe empires, Caflina, till of late, was efteemed the firft 
in power ; but though a thoufand villages and towns are ftill 
included 
