viii 
NOTES OF A BOTANIST 
about Indians and Christianity — A severe earthquake — 
The Cinchona forests of Alausi — -Explorations for "Baric" 
trees and descriptions of the vegetation — ^The Revolution 
— Sanitation in Ecuador . . . .221 
CHAPTER XXI 
THE CINCHONA FORESTS OF WESTERN CHIMBORAZO 
List of excursions — Report on the " Red Bark " expedition — 
Journey to the forest — On the Paramo — The Arenal — 
Its curious Alpine vegetation — Flower-clad mountain 
side — At Guaranda delayed some days — Over another 
ridge of Chimborazo — A dangerous descent — Fine Mela- 
stomaceas — At Limon saw first " Red Bark " trees — 
Occupy a trapiche (cane-mill) — A fine forest — The 
"bark" supposed to be a dye — How the bark is 
collected — The Cinchona sucdriibra a most beautiful 
tree — The mammals and birds of the forest — Insects — 
Large forest trees — The vegetation of the Red Bark 
forests — Arrival of Mr. Cross — Preparations for gather- 
ing, drying, and raising seeds and cuttings — Difficulties 
to overcome — Troubles from the war — Spruce takes the 
dried seeds to Guayaquil — Back to Aguacatal to build a 
raft — Letter to Mr. Teasdale describing Guayaquil — Con- 
struction of raft— Waiting for the young plants — ^The 
dangerous raft -journey to Guayaquil — Success of the 
plants in India . . . . . .258 
CHAPTER XXII 
spruce's LAST THREE YEARS IN SOUTH AMERICA : ON THE 
SHORES OF THE PACIFIC 
List of excursions — Letter to Mr. Bentham — Spruce's mode 
of botanical work — Botanical notes — The climate of the 
coast — The loss of his property — -To Mr. Daniel Hanbury 
— To Mr. John Teasdale — Journey to Piura — The 
climate and the inhabitants — Notes on the valleys of 
