278 NOTES OF A BOTANIST 
Cycla7ithacece. — Three scandent species of Carludovica, all 
with bifid leaves. 
Pahnacem. — Frequent enough, but of few species. The Cadi 
or Ivory palm is everywhere dispersed, and is precisely the same 
species as I saw at Puma-cocha. I gathered and analysed the 
male inflorescence, but the stripping off the fronds for thatch is 
unfavourable to the development of the fruit, which I never saw 
in a perfect state. A very prickly Bactris, 20 feet high, with five 
or six stems from a root, grows here and there ; and in shady 
places three or four Geonomae are frequent. The Euterpe grows 
chiefly at the upper limit of the Red Bark. A noble Attalea 
(called Cumbi and Palma real) extends up the valley of San 
Antonio to the lower limit of the Bark region. It has a slight 
beard to the petiole. 
Bromeliacece. — Many species are perched about on the trees, 
but none of striking aspect. The presence or absence of this 
family affords no indication of climate on the equator, for trees 
of Buddleia and Polylepis, at the upper limit of arborescent 
vegetation, are as thickly hung with a Bromeliacea as any trees 
on the Amazon. 
Amaryllidece^ 2. — Both herbaceous twiners, the one a Bomarea, 
with pendulous umbels of showy flowers, calyx red, corolla white, 
with violet spots ; an order, so far as my experience goes, entirely 
absent from equinoctial plains, but tolerably abundant in the 
temperate and cool regions of the Andes. 
- Musacece. — Heliconia, two species. 
Zingiberacece. — Cossus, three species. This is about the 
highest point at which I have seen any Cossus or Heliconia, two 
genera frequent in the plains. 
MaraiitacecB. — Two or three species of Maranta were observed. 
OrchidacecE, 28. — Tolerably abundant, but comprising few 
handsome species. Most epiphytal Orchids love light, and in 
the dense lofty forest they are rarely seen, and often inaccessible, 
for they grow on the upper branches of large trees, and descend 
to the lower branches only on the margin of wide streams, where 
the whole of one side of the trees is exposed to the light. At 
Limon, however, in ancient clearings, now become pastures, 
where a few trees of the primitive forest have been left, and 
where others have here and there sprung up, despite the treading 
about of cattle, the branches are laden with Orchids and 
Vacciniums ; and although none of the former be of remarkable 
beauty, yet they are in so great variety, and there is such a charm 
in seeing them on the rugged mossy trees in their native woods, 
that to me they were always objects of interest. The finest 
Orchid, as to its flowers, is an Odontoglossum, with large 
chocolate -coloured flowers, margined with yellow. As respects 
foliage, a fairy Stelis (S. caiodyction, MSS.), with roundish pale 
