IN THE CINCHONA FORESTS 285 
at the same elevation (3000 feet), and these are the lowest points 
at which I have observed any Rosacese near the equator ; although 
plants of this order, especially of the tribe Sanguisorbeae, con- 
stitute a considerable proportion of the vegetation of the open 
highlands. 
Hydrangeacece^ i. — A Cornidia. The same, or a very similar 
species, of this truly Andine genus grows by the Pastasa, on the 
eastern side of the Cordillera, at about 4000 feet, and other three 
species were gathered on Mount Campana, in Maynas, at 3000 
feet. I have never seen any Cornidia either above or below the 
warm region. 
Cunoniacece. — A pinnate-leaved Weinmannia, sometimes reach- 
ing 80 feet high, is very frequent, and extends down the banks of 
the Chasuan to perhaps 2200 feet. A humbler species descends 
nearly as low on the Andes of Maynas. On the wooded de- 
clivity of the volcano Tunguragua, Weinmanniae constitute a con- 
siderable proportion of the vegetation, and extend upwards to at 
least 11,000 feet. 
LythracecE. — A Cuphea, a small, weak, much-branched under- 
shrub, with purple flowers, grows gregariously in the pastures, gener- 
ally accompanied by Sida glomerata and a Stachytarpheta. By the 
Rio San Antonio grow other two Cupheae, one of which grows also 
in the valley of Alausi. This genus, abundant in the plains on 
both sides of the Cordillera, spreads up the hills to 7000 feet, or 
through the region of the Red Bark, but scarcely up to that of 
the Hill Barks. Adenaria purpuraia grows by the Rio San 
Antonio up to 2500 feet, and descends on its banks into the 
plain, the same as it does by streams on the eastern side of the 
Cordillera. 
OnagracecE, i. — Three species of Jussisea grow by the Rio San 
Antonio. In the warm and hot regions this genus takes the place 
of (Enothera, which is frequent in the hills, but rarely descends 
below 60Q0 feet. In other parts of South America, as for instance 
along the coast of Chili, Jussiseas are found inhabiting a cool 
climate. A single plant of a large-flowered Fuchsia was gathered 
at about 2700 feet. A similar species occurs very rarely on the 
eastern side of the Cordillera, at a little higher elevation. These 
are the only instances I know of Fuchsias descending so low, 
their favourite climate being found in the temperate and cool 
regions of the Andes, say from 6000 to 11,000 feet. 
MelastomacecE^ 9. — The first plant which took my attention at 
Limon, after the Cinchona, was a beautiful epiphytal Blakea, grow- 
ing from 12 to 18 feet high, with broad coriaceous leaves and 
large rose -coloured flowers, from w^hich features, and from its 
often sitting high up the trees, it has almost the aspect of a 
Clusia. At the base of each flower is a turgid involucre, of 
four large, orbicular, widely and closely imbricated leaves, within 
