XXI IN THE CINCHONA FORESTS 293 
number of species diminishes rapidly, and higher up, towards the 
Hmit of the forest, the huge masses of robust Sendtnerae, Lepi- 
doziae, and in some places of Frullaniae, leave little room for 
the delicate Plagiochilae. Lejeunije, on the contrary, are hot 
country plants. 
Lichens 
Of Lichens, the foliaceous species are remarkably scarce. 
Epiphyllous lichens, whose abundance and variety is so notable a 
feature of the vegetation of the Amazon, seem to attain their 
upper limit in the Red Bark woods. The trunks of the trees are 
generally too well covered with mosses to leave much room for 
the development of crustaceous lichens. Still, a good many 
species exist, chiefly GraphideEe, and I did not notice any lichen 
on the Red Bark which does not grow indifferently on other sorts 
of trees. . . . 
Reserving the important subject of climate 
to be last discussed, I resume my narrative of 
operations. 
In the month of July a report reached us that 
an Englishman, bringing with him a number of 
boxes, had arrived at Ventanas. On the strength 
of this I immediately sent Dr. Taylor thither with 
horses, and he had the great satisfaction of finding 
the Englishman to be Mr. Cross. Ventanas, how- 
ever, was so full of soldiery, and was so likely to 
be soon the theatre of a conflict (for the opposing 
army lay encamped only a few leagues lower down 
the river), that Dr. Taylor very wisely had the 
materials for the Wardian cases removed about 
three hours' journey up the river, to a farm called 
Aguacatal, where they were not likely to be 
molested. 
Mr. Cross had had all sorts of obstacles thrown in 
his way by the forces that held the river, and with 
the greatest difficulty had found men to row his 
canoes, so that the distance from Guayaquil to 
