NARCOTICS AND STIMULANTS 435 
leurs maladies, consiste a appeler certains enchan- 
teurs, qu'ils s'imaginent avoir regu un pouvoir 
particulier de les guerir ; ces charlatans vont trouver 
les malades, recitent sur eux quelque priere super- 
stitieuse, leur promettent de jeuner pour leur 
guerison, et de prendre un certain nombre de fois 
par jour du tabac en fumee ; ou bien, ce qui est une 
insigne faveur, ils sucent la partie mal affectee, 
apres quoi ils se retirent, a condition qu'on leur 
payera liberalement ces sortes de services " (tome 
viii. p. 83). And at p. 339 of the same volume, 
speaking of the enchanters of the Chiquitos, it is 
said : Le medecin suce ensuite la partie mal 
affectee, et au bout de quelque temps il jette par la 
bouche une matiere noire : Voila, dit-il, le venin 
que j'ai tire de votre corps." 
It is not necessary to be a paye to "suck out a 
pain." Among the Barres it is commonly practised, 
and I have seen a fellow hang on to his comrade's 
shoulder for half an hour together, "sucking out 
the rheumatism." But as they know the whites 
ridicule the practice, they avoid as much as possible 
being surprised in it. Formerly they had pro- 
fessional chupadores or suckers ; but in my time 
there were none such, besides the payes, who were 
found only among the unchristianised tribes. 
2. Tobacco. — This was possibly the first narcotic 
ever used in South America, and is likely to be the 
last. In one form or another it is a prime in- 
gredient in the medicine of the payes. Rochefort 
says : " Each Boye has his familiar demon, whom 
he evoques by a chant, accompanied by the smoke 
of tobacco, whose perfume is supposed to be 
attractive to devils" i^loc. cit. p. 473). And it is 
