XXV NARCOTICS AND STIMULANTS 437 
are ever used in conjunction, except as an occasional 
stimulant, and in small quantity. 
On Spirits or Demons among the Indians 
I have never heard any mention among the 
native races with whom I have sojourned of a 
Spirit or Demon the paye was supposed to invoke, 
but there has been so much testimony to that effect, 
that it can hardly fail to be true. This demon — 
the Maboya of the Antilles, the Yawahoo of 
Guayana (according to Bancroft and Stedman) — is 
surely the Yamadu of the Casiquiari and Alto 
Orinoco. But when I made inquiry about the 
latter, I was always assured that it had a bodily, 
and not merely a ghostly existence. It is, in fact, 
a Wild Man of the Woods or Forest Devil — the 
Curupira or Diabo do mato of the Amazon, the 
Munyi'a of the eastern foot of the Equatorial Andes 
— a little hairy man, not more than four to five feet 
high, but so strong and wiry that no single Indian 
can cope with him. His great peculiarity is that, 
although his tracks are often met with, no one can 
tell which way he has gone. Either, as on some 
parts of the Amazon, he has a perfectly human foot, 
but set on the contrary way ; or else, as on the 
Casiquiari, Uaupes, Napo, etc., he has two heels on 
each foot and never a toe. This little devil plays 
many pranks, of which the most serious is his 
carrying off women who venture alone into the 
forest ; but he never attacks two people together, 
so that in some parts a man or woman will take a 
little child into the forest rather than go alone. If 
an Indian loses his way in the forest, he blames the 
