496 NOTES OF A BOTANIST 
the volcano, is specified as the Cordillera de los 
Mulatos : it is separated from Cotopaxi by the 
Valle Vicioso. 
2. El Volcan de las Margasitas, south-east by 
east from Los Mulatos, and a little east of north 
from the mouth of the Rio Verde Grande. 
"Margasitas" (more properly Marquesitas) corre- 
sponds nearly to the term "pyrites," and is a general 
name for the sulphates of iron, copper, etc. 
3. Zunchu-urcu, a smaller volcano than Mar- 
gasitas, and at a short distance south-south-east of 
it. " Zunchu " is the Quichua term for mica or talc. 
4. Siete-bocas, a large mountain, with seven 
mouths vomiting flame, south-west by south from 
Margasitas, west by south from Zunchu. Its 
southern slope is the Nevado del Atilis. 
5. Gran Volcan del Topo, or Yurag-Llanganati, 
nearly east from Siete-bocas and south-west from 
Zunchu. A tall snowy peak at the head of the 
river Topo, and the same as I saw from Cotalo. It 
is the only one of the group which rises to perpetual 
snow, though there are many others rarely clear of 
snow ; hence its second name Yurag (White) 
Llanganati.^ 
[This mountain is partly shown on the extreme 
right margin of the map here given.] 
The last four volcanoes are all near each other, 
and form part of what Guzman calls the Cordillera 
de Yurag-urcu, or Llanganatis of the Topo. 
North-east from the Volcan del Topo, and 
running from south-east to north-west, is the Cor- 
1 Villavicensio gives its heiglit as 6520 varas (17,878 English feet) in his 
Geografia del Ecuador, from a measurement (as he says) of Guzman, but does 
not inform us where he obtained his information. 
