CONTENTS 
xiii 
CHAPTER V 
GEOLOGY AND BOTANY OF SANTAREM 
PAGE 
Volcanic rocks at Santarem — Cover the hills which are 7tot 
volcanic — Similar rocks noticed from Para to Manaquiry 
on the Upper Amazon — Table-topped hills — Sandstone 
widely distributed — Recent geological work on Lower 
Amazon (Ed.) — Probable explanation of surface volcanic 
rocks of Santarem — Aspects of vegetation at Santarem — 
Effects of the rains — Great burst of foliage and flowers — 
Curious ephemeral plants — Trees of the Tapajoz — -Vegeta- 
tion of the lakes — Vegetation of the volcanic hills — Edible 
wild fruits of Santarem . . . . .134 
CHAPTER VI 
FROM SANTAREM TO THE RIO NEGRO 
Take passage in a very small vessel — Sounds of life on the 
Amazon — Conversation with a forest rat — Obydos — 
Abundance of aUigators — Villa Nova and Padre Torquato 
— Changes of names on maps — Enter the Uraria channel 
or Ramos — Heavy dews — Stop at "As Barreiras " — 
Excursion to a lake — Crowds of alligators — Pirarucu, a 
delicious morsel — A moralising Indian — -Guarana and 
its manufacture — Continue the voyage — India-rubber on 
the Ramos — A fine forest tree — Outlet to the Amazon — 
Dangerous passage — Serpa — M'CuUoch's sugar-mill — 
Rise and fall of the Amazon — The Rio Negro — Barra 
or Manaos — Senhor Henrique Antonij . . .166 
CHAPTER Vn 
RESIDENCE AT MANAOS 
Introduction — -Caatinga explained— Boards for boxes unobtain- 
able — New plants — Boat purchased for ascending the Rio 
Negro — Vegetation of a swampy campo — A miserable 
dwelling — Flowering shrubs — New edible root — Salsa- 
