154 
NOTES OF A BOTANIST chap, v 
striking object. It is closely allied to the Chin- 
chonas or Peruvian Barks, and Mr. Bentham has 
made it the type of a new genus under the name of 
Enkylista. 
Several small permanent lakes communicating 
by short channels with the Tapajoz — as well as 
flats and hollows which had become lakes during 
the rainy season — brought forth many curious 
plants in their waters and along their borders 
in the months of July and August. It was notable 
there, as in Europe under similar circumstances, 
how those aquatics which rear themselves erect, 
and thus bear the flowering part of their stem well 
out of water, have the submersed leaves set round 
the stem in whorls, quite alien to the habit of their 
congeners growing on terra flrme. Thus a Jussieua 
(y. amazonicd) had the narrow submersed leaves so 
closely whorled as to quite resemble the Mare's- 
tail of our pools ; while the emersed ones were 
solitary, as are all the leaves in the other species 
of the genus. Sipanea limnophila, sp. n., had many- 
leaved whorls under water, while the leaves just 
out of water stood four together, and the uppermost 
were merely opposite ; whereas in the other species 
of the genus (which in habit, and in their pink or 
white flowers, resemble our Soapworts and Cam- 
pions, although their affinity is really with Madders 
and other Rubiads) all the leaves are either opposite 
or rarely three in a whorl. These plants, and 
others that grew along with them and showed the 
same peculiarity, were all, strictly speaking, amphi- 
bians, the water wherein they had first vegetated 
being completely dried up ere they had ripened 
their seeds. The true aquatics — such as passed 
