lO 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
7, 1899. 
imt(^ ^Hg md 
Proprietors of fishing and hunting resorts will find it profitable 
to advertise them in Forest and Stream. 
Michigan Deer, 
Portland, Tnd. — Editor Forest and Stream: Sonic- of 
the members of the Michigan Legislature are sportsmen 
surel}', and as certainly readers of Forest and Stream. 
I am advised tliat there is some agitation of tlie game- 
law question, and 1 hope there will be more agitation, and 
that when the lawmakers get through with the subject 
they will have so amended the non-resident and non- 
export sections as to permit a non-resident to kill one 
deer (no more), and to take that deer home to his fam- 
ily. Also that they will append a paragraph prohibiting 
the sale of deer and parts thereof (except the skins of 
deer legally killed) within the State, and the shipment of 
deer carcasses to any point without the State. That 
would, in my judgment, be a sensible law. If they wish 
to continue a license system, charge each non-resident 
hunter $5 for the privilege of killing his one deer. 
In company Avith two friends, C. F. Bender and Dr. 
C. W. Mackey, I spent the first two weeks of November 
on my old hunting grounds at Witch Lake. The first 
week ended before the deer season opened, and as we had 
but one week more at our disposal we did not think it 
advisable to pay $25 for the privilege of killing five deer. 
There was venison for sale, and it took a good deal less 
than $25 worth for our table. We pitched our tent in the 
timber, and the pine squirrels chattered to us from all 
sides, while rabbits and partridges occasionally came near 
our tent. Ring perch took the hook readily, and all in 
all we spread upon our board all the varieties and deli- 
cacies of the season. 
In recent numbers of this paper I mentioned the fact 
that this part of Michigan was opened up b}'^ an extension 
of the Ch icago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, and in 
discussing "this game question these railroads that have 
made it possible to go in and out and live in that country 
should not be lost sight of. There are no wagon roads 
except tote roads, and they are kept open only for lumber- 
ing purposes. The ground is so knotty and rockj^ that 
to ride on a wagon along one of these roads is a picnic 
one will not soon forget. The present non-resident law 
has deprived these railroads of thousands of dollars by 
limiting travel. Men who would pay car fare and a $5 
license fee for the privilege of killing one deer and taking- 
it home, rather than pay $25 for the privilege of killing 
five deer and selling what they can't consume in camp at 
the market price, i. e. 3c. or 4c. per pound, stay at home 
and eat venison shot b}^ resident hunters and shipped to 
market by the underground route. 
The intent of the recent law is to make is so expensive 
that non-residents will stay out. The result is, the law is 
frequentl}'^ violated. The more unreasonable a law, the 
less is it respected. It is an easy matter to ''go a-fishing" 
and eat venison in camp, or at the summer resort hotels. 
If you can't kill it, you can eat what some other person 
killed. Many resident hunters violate the law openly and 
repeatedly. Here is the way one stated the case: "No; 
I have not worked for four years. I guide and hunt. 
When I want meat, instead of going to Republic and 
buying old spoiled beef, I go out and kill a deer." And 
these men not only kill deer out of season, and for their 
own consumption, but they kill at every opportunity and 
sell their surplus. 
Such men, as a rule, have no abiding place. They must 
live, of course, but the State does not owe them a living. 
Many of them are transient, like the deer. Some come 
from the slums of cities like Marinet and Menominee. I 
have heard the boom of their shotguns along the railroads 
night after night. Others may be late arrivals from Canadri, 
or from Sweden, with scarcelj^ any knowledge of the Eng- 
lish language. On the other hand, an ex-ma3ror of one of 
the largest cities in Wi-,'onsin, a judge, together willi 
other men of like station, shot deer before the hounds 
within my hearing daily in open violation of the law. 
The Indians and wolves form a third class. You can 
classify them to your own hking, but these three types 
of hunters are chiefly responsible for the destruction of 
the deer. The baying of hounds, the boom of the shot- 
gun on dark nights, and the bleaching skeletons of deer 
tell their own story. Bender walked on to two deer car- 
casses from which only the skins had been taken. I took 
some long rambles and visited places "to memory dear," 
but I did not find my lost lake. I found a salted stump 
that had lured many a deer to its death, judging from 
evidence at hand. < 
I want to emphasize the fact that the present non-resident 
law in Michigan and Wisconsin does the railroads a great 
injustice, and the amendments suggested would in my 
judgment increase travel without increasing the slaughter 
of game. The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Company 
has three lines running through deer country. _ Its em- 
ployees are courteous and accommodating, stopping trains 
between stations to take on or let off passengers. They 
make it possible for white men to exist in the country 
through which they pass. 
A gentleman from near Chicago, whom I met on the 
train both going and coming, told me on the return trip 
that he spent two weeks with the proprietor of the Fence 
River lumber camps on Fence River. That while he 
was out in the forest he saw a perfectly white deer. It 
was standing when he first saw it, but while watching iL 
to satisfy himself that he was not mistaken, it jumped 
over a large log and gave him a perfect view of its entire 
side. 
I also met Mr, G W, Johnson, who is in the employ 
of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, He had re- 
cently returned from the Leech Lake country, in Minne- 
sota." He said the Indians at fi-rst did not like the brass 
buttons on his waistcoat, but he made friends with them 
and they shawed him som_e fi-ne lT.untm_g country He 
has purchasdi some land up there and contemplates 
erecting a cli|^ house at Island Lake, north of Brainard. 
I notice that Mr, Hough is after us non-residents witii 
his usual energy. I ^ inclined to the opinion that 
Brother H.-, with all his^een perception and facilities for 
information, has not ssen as much of one side of this 
NATIONAL PARK BOUNDARIES ^PRESENT AND PROPOSED. 
question as the other. Personal observation is the best 
evidence. It is much easier to stand at a gateway and 
keep tab on those who go in and out than on those al- 
ready within. If Mr. H. will camp and mingle with hun- 
ters, as I have done; he will see, as I have seen; and if 
we don't then agree it will be on account of perverse hu- 
mai\ nature, and I will plead guilty to my share. _ I^et us 
try the kernel of that nut. By the way, there is a fine 
large buck hanging outside a butcher's stall in this city. 
It was shot bv a resident of Wisconsin since the season 
closed. ' G. W. Cunningham. 
The Quaifs Hard Winter Fight, 
Ontario Game and Fish Commission, Toronto, Dec, 
29. — Editor Forest and Stream: There has been no 
change as yet in the game laws of Ontario, I expect 
that considerable changes will be made by the next session 
of the Legislature. 
I have been advised by the express coinpanies that 1,822 
carcasses of deer have been carried by them during the 
late open season. It is safe to infer that fully this num- 
ber must have been killed by settlers under permits; and 
no doubt large numbers have also been taken out of the 
woods by teams, of which we have no record. 1 con- 
sider that 4,000 head of deer have been killed during the 
late open season in Ontario. This is a low estimate: 
I enclose a letter from Mr. C. W. Nash, one of otir 
best known naturalists, concerning the protection of quail 
in winter. 
A few years ago fears were expressed that quail, which 
at that time were nearly exterminated, would in the near 
future be like the buffalo and wild pigeons, become things 
of the past. I am glad to know those expectations were 
not realized, in a large measure due to the exertions of 
sportsmen, who for several years past have at consider- 
able, expense imported large numbers of this beautiful 
game bird, and turned them loose in their respective 
localities. Mainly owing to these measures by sportsmen 
and the protection afforded quail by the game laws, they 
have largely increased, and at the present time are fairly 
plentiful in the southwest part of the Province, and there 
is good reason for believing they will continue to be so if 
the laws of nature and common sense are carried out. I 
most strongly endorse Mr. Nash's letter, and feel sure the 
genuine sportsmen residing in the towns and cities will 
most heartily co-operate with the farmers and fruit grow- 
ers in carrying out the measures so ably recommended by 
him. E- TiNSLEY, 
Chief Game Warden. 
Mr. Nash writes to Chief Warden Tinsley as follows: 
Dear Sir— Can you by any means impress upon the 
sportsmen, farmers and fruit growers of the southwestern 
counties of this Province an idea of the great advantages 
they would derive if they could give the quail of their 
locality some little food and shelter during the remaining 
winter months? 
It is not necessary to urge upon sportsm.en the de- 
sirability of increasing the stock of this beautiful little 
gam.e bird; they are all agreed as to that; but I wish to 
point out that to the farmer and fruit grower the quail 
IS of the greatest possible economic im-portance, apart 
from its value as a game and table bird- 
The quail is one of our few species of birds that are 
directly beneficial to the agriculturist; all its life is spent 
am_ong the crops upon which m.an expends his labor and 
frotrj which he derives his profit, and it is constantly en- 
gaged in destroying the insects that are most destructive 
»to the plants raised by his care under cultivation. 
For the first two or three months of their lives, young 
quail feed almost entirely on insects, and each one will 
while it is growing consume nearly its own weight of them 
every day. To obtain this quantity the number eaten must 
be very large. As the birds near maturity they vary their 
diet by adding the seeds of various weeds, grasses, etc., 
to their bill of fare, but still take large numbers of in- 
sects so long as they are obtainable, grasshoppers in the 
autumn forming their principal article of food. After 
these fail they are compelled to find thei rsustenance in the 
stubble fields and weed patches, where they glean sufficient 
grain and seed to keep themselves in good condition until 
the supply is cut off by deep snow; then it is that our 
quail suffer from lack of food and die in large numbers 
from starvation and cold. 
If well fed quail can withstand the severity of our win- 
ters quite readily, but if starved they, like all animals, 
gradually succumb to cold, and it is by reason of their 
inability to obtain food "when deep snow covers the 
ground that so many are lost every winter. This could 
be prevented if the farmers and fruit growers in the quail 
counties would afford the birds a little food and protection 
to carry them over the latter part of the winter season, in 
which the greatest mortality occurs. 
A simple method of affording the requisite protection 
and food is to arrange three or four forked poles so that 
they support each other in tent form, and throw over them 
a little pea straw, buckwheat stalks or waste straw, etc., 
so as to leave a hollow underneath, into which the birds 
can go and be safe from storms. Into these places throw 
a few measures of tailings or waste grain occasionally, and 
the quail will be able to maintain themselves in safety. 
For the slight trouble necessary to provide a few of 
these shelters around a farm and orchard the farmer and 
fruit grower will be amply repaid the following season by 
a good stock of quail to keep down the insects that destroy 
his crops during the summer, and to provide sport for 
himself and his friends in the autumn, C. W. Nash. 
Yellowstone Park Enlargement. 
The map here given indicates the approximate boun- 
daries of the Yellowstone National Park in case the 
Hansborough bill for the enlargement of the Park should 
become law. Such a map is- necessary to a comprehen- 
sion of what the extension of the Park will mean. 
We repeat here the resolutions unanimously adopted 
at a public meeting held last spring at Jackson, Wyo., 
and signed by S. N. Leek, chairman, and Frank L. 
Peterson, secretary. They are as follows: 
Whereas, The Jackson's Hole country is the only terri- 
tory south of and contiguous to the Yellowstone National 
Park which is susceptible of settlement and cultivation; 
and - 
Whereas, The constant agitation of the question of ex- 
tending the liiTiits of the National Park by annexing ad- 
joining territory has a tendency to retard the norm_a1 
developm_ent of our com.m.uniti', 
Therefore, Be it resolved by the bona fide settlers of 
Jackson's Hole, in mass meeting assembled: 
First — As a satisfactory and permanent settlement of 
all plans for the future enlargement of the National Park 
by an addition of territory on the south, -y^^e do most 
earnestly recommend the immediate extension of Park 
control over the territory now embraced in the Teton 
Tim.bE-r Reserve, belie^^ing that such addition to the Na- 
