FOREST AND STREAM. 
May 6, 1899. 1 
Fixtures* 
BENCH SHOWS. 
May 3-6.— San Francisco, Cal.— San Francisco Kennel Club's 
lliird annual show. 
Sept. 4-7.— Toronto, Can.— Toronto Industrial Exhibition Asso- 
ciation's eleventh annual show. 
Nov. 22-24.— New York.— American Pet Dog Club's show. S. 
C. Hodge, Supt. 
FIELD TRIALS. 
Nov. 6.— Bicknell, Ind.— Indiana Field Trial Club's trials. S. 
H. Socwell, Sec'v. 
Nov. 14.— Chatham, Ont.— International Field Trial Club's tenth 
annual trials. W. B. Wells Hon. Sec'y. 
Nov. 14.— Washington, C. H., O.— Ohio Field Trial Club's 
trials. C. E. Baughn Sec'y. 
Dec. 8.— Newton, N. C— Continental Field Trial Club's trials, 
Thos. Sturges, Sec'y. 
Foxhounds and Foxes. 
Now that New England fox htinters have Reynard 
"started," I hope they will let their "trigger finger" play 
with the pen and narrate their hunts in Forest and 
Stream. The article under the heading of "New Hamp- 
shire Fox Hunting," by C. M. Stark, that recently ap- 
peared, plainly stamps him as an experienced fox hunter, 
and one who has studied out the successful ways of pur- 
suit. In your last issue I recognized an old acquaintance 
in Dr. E. H. Niles, and was surprised he had joined the 
crowd of "lazy, shiftless fox hunters." He, too, has dis- 
covered the health-giving sport fox hunting abounds in. 
Fox hunting has grown in favor for the past few years, 
and is the foremost sport in many sections. That unique 
figure, the old fox hunter of twenty-five years ago, who 
could be found in nearly every neighborhood, has gone, 
together with his hound. 
During the past year my experiences have shown that 
good foxhounds are scarce. My brother and I com- 
menced during the last week in September to purchase a 
foxhound, and not until the last week in January did we 
buy ; and then we purchased a young dog that had been 
hunted on rabbits for two years. Over one hundred had 
been killed ahead of time; but he formed a habit of start- 
ing foxes, and so was condemned as a rabbit dog. Noth- 
ing now will induce him to run rabbits. He has a won- 
derful nose, is a fast, wide ranger, and foxes run well be- 
fore him. 
I would advise everyone to take a dog on trial before 
purchasing. We had six dogs on trial, at prices ranging 
from $5 to $35. Nearly all came highly recommended. 
None of these dogs would we take as a gift. However, 
the $5 dog proved the best. He caught a fox in a manner 
similar to that described by Mr. Stark. We saw the fox 
cross a field and enter the timber with the hound some 
fifty rods behind. In a short time we heard the dog bay- 
ing as if the game had holed. On going to the dog we 
found he had caught and was barking at, not having the 
courage to kill it. Nor could the fox get away. This 
fox was not injured in any way, and the trailing was on 
bare ground. This would have remained a mystery, as 
did Mr. Stark's hunt, had I not had a similar experience 
a few years ago, which occurred in sight. I saw the 
hound start a fox from under some shelving ledges in the 
open pasture. The. fox ran some fifty rods, coming with- 
in twenty rods of my stand, when it stopped and bristled 
up, with its ears lying flat on its head (much like a cat 
on the approach of a dog), and stood waiting for the 
dog. The hound trailed up within a few feet of the fox, 
but had not the courage to kill it. After a moment the 
fox trotted away, the dog in pursuit. I saw the fox sev- 
eral times during the next hour. The hound was always 
twenty or more rods behind. At another timel had a fox 
get out from its inclosure during the night. The hound 
was put on the trail and soon started it, running to a 
large field, when the hound was not more than four rods 
behind, when, quick as a flash, the fox turned and tackled 
the dog. The dog threw the fox and held until taken 
away uninjured. This maj'- explain why at times a fox 
is caught by a hound when the chances of escape are easy. 
B. A. E. 
B.\KEE, Vt. 
One of the curious developments of modern yachting 
is the conversion of old schooners into serviceable auxil- 
iaries. This was begun a couple of years ago by Rear- 
Com. Whitlock, Atlantic Y. C., who converted the fa- 
mous old schooner Hildegarde, once owned by the Prince 
of Wales, into an auxiliary, with good success. Now 
Mr. Whitlock has taken the old Ramona for the same 
purpose, while Palmer and Viking are also in hand for 
similar change. The idea is a very good one, the boats 
are still soimd and staunch and of course roomy, while 
they have that bold shipshape appearance which should 
be an essential quality of every yacht. With but a mod- 
erate loss of space for the power, they can be driven at a 
fair service speed, and by dint of sail and power together 
they can get around very well with the fleet of newer 
boats. 
After enduring in .patience for manj' months such 
abuse, insult and misrepresentation as, we are happy to 
say, but one American paper is capable of, the 
Yacht Racing Association of Massachusetts has at last 
taken public notice of an evil which is apparently beyond 
remedy. Mr. Higginson, the president, and Mr. Walter 
Burgess, of the executive committee have each written 
to protest against the malicious attacks made on it. It 
is strange that a paper which claims to be of high stand- 
ing should lend itself as a mere instrument of personal 
spite against prominent yacht clubs, as in this special case 
and many others, 
Within the past week there has come sad news for 
the "born sportsmen" of the Payne and Frye stripe, who 
had, in the notorious "Payne bill," apparently closed the 
door to Americans who desired steam yachts of modern 
type. It is no longer possible to import and use a steam 
yacht of foreign build, but there is no restriction on the 
purchase of a foreign design. One New York yachts- 
man, Mr. Isaac Stern, has taken advantage of this fact 
to secure a design from Mr. George L. Watson, of Glas- 
gow, h-om which he will build at the Bath Iron Works, 
Bath, Me. The new yacht will be similar to the Andria, 
designed by Mr. Watson for John E. Brooks, formerly 
owner of Resolute, Montauk and Lasca, but a little 
larger. She will be 165ft. on l.w.l., 25ft. gin. moulded 
beam, 15ft. 4in, moulded depth and 12ft. draft. Her name 
will be Virginia, she will be rigged as a two-masLed 
schooner, and it goes without saying that she will be a 
handsome craft. 
Since Columbia and Shamrock have been under con- 
struction the public has continually asked why so much 
secrecy was sought by their builders and designers. _ It 
is also asked whether rival designers, who are preparing 
boats for the same contests, copy each other's work when 
they get the chance. Such a case has never been reported. 
To any one acquainted with the vast amount of Avork 
necessary in arranging every small detail for a large mod- 
ern racing yacht, the idea of materially altering the de- 
signs that have been ready for months, after the boats 
are half constructed, is absurd, The shape of the yacht 
and every particle of the material that is to go into her 
are settled and down on paper long before even her lead 
keel is cast, and the suggestion that Fife might give cre- 
dence to some newspaper story from America and change 
Shamrock at this late hour is unimaginable. Fife knew 
all about Defender's lightness of build, and about every 
part of her construction before he drew a line of Sham- 
rock's shape. It may be taken as a certainty that every 
possible attenuation to construction was considered and 
settled months ago, and that he is not waiting for reports 
of the Columbia in order to find out what to plate his 
boat with. 
With such builders as the HeiTeshoffs and the Fifes, it 
cannot be supposed that either firm is looking for help 
from the other, and after the frames are in place and two- 
thirds plated any further continuance of secrecy in regard 
to either boat may be ascribed to the desire for advertise- 
ment. — New York Tribune. 
Yacht Designing.— XXIX, 
BY W. P. STEPHENS. 
(Continued /row page 318, April 22.) 
The straight edge, T square and triangles are common 
to all drafting, mechanical, architectural or marine, but in 
the practice of the latter they are supplemented by the 
splines and weights and the set curves. These require 
more skill in their use than the simpler instruments ein- 
ployed for straight lines. In most drafting the eye plays 
a small part, it is merely a matter of mechanical manipu- 
lation to lay off certain points at the proper distances, to 
join them by straight lines, and to draw by means of the 
triangles or T square other lines perpendicular or parallel 
Fig. 66. 
to the first. A great deal more than this, however, is 
necessary when it comes to drawing the numerous curves 
of a yacht design; the eye of the draftsman must be 
trained to detect and rectify the slightest unfairness iri a 
batten, or in the joining of two portions of a line drawn 
with different curves. 
In using the batten, as in all long curves, the points of 
the cttrve are first plotted and then the weights are 
placed on the drawing a short distance back from the 
proposed line. A batten of suitable size being selected, 
neither too rigid nor too flexible, and somewhat longer 
than the proposed line, it is taken in the left hand and 
placed on the paper close to the point marking the ex- 
treme right end of the line, the nearest weight being 
placed to hold it. The fingers of the right hand may be 
used to steady the right end of the batten for the mo- 
ment, while the left hand is slid along to the left end of 
the batten, the thumb being on the inside and the four 
fingers on the outside. Held in this way, the batten may 
be lightly sprung to a fair curve, and when it touches 
the second spot it is anchored there by another weight, 
placed by the right hand. If the curve is a sharp one 
and the first weight unlikely to hold, one of the hook 
weights may be placed over the extreme end to prevent 
the batten from flying away. If the end does get loose, 
pencils, scales and any other instruments within its 
range will be fired through the air with more force than 
is good for them. 
The batten may be sprung from spot to spot, with 
weights at suitable distances, until the curve is covered, 
when the extreme left end may be secured with the hoolc 
weight. It is difficult to draw a fair curve with a batten 
just the length of the line, the batten should be at least 
6 to Sin. longer at each end, if the size of the board will 
permit, and it should be sprung and weighted to a fair 
curve for this full length ; though, of course, only a por- 
tion will be drawn in. After the weights are all placed, 
the batten should be carefully conned in a good light and 
from both ends, to make sure that it is perfectly fair; 
the weights being shifted if necessary until it is so. 
Tlie weight?, and batten In position for drawing a line are 
shown in Fig. 66, A batten should never be subjected 
to such strain as to run the risk of breaking it ; if it will 
not bend freely a lighter one must be chosen, or the set 
cur\'es must be used instead. 
A line drawn with the batten is necessarily continuous, 
BBS 
without breaks or angles, but in using the set curves 
great care is necessary to avoid these latter, and also to 
join neatly the different parts of the line, as it is neces- 
sarily drawn in sections. Starting at the left end, a 
curve is selected that will make a fair sweep for at least 
the total distance between the first three points, be- 
yond which it may diverge from the desired line. The 
first section drawn should not extend to the point of 
divergence, but should stop well short of it, theii the 
curve is shifted ahead or a new one chosen to fit the 
next portion of the line and overlap fairly a part of the 
line already drawn in. Another short portion is drawn 
and the curve again adjusted further ahead. In this way 
what may be termed a long splice is made between each 
two adjoining parts; whereas, if the first part be drawn 
clear to the point of divergence and the curve is readjusted 
so as just to catch this point, the result will be a series 
of abrupt and broken joints. 
In inking with the set curves, or in extending aiiy 
portion of an inked line, a little care is necessary to avoid 
an apparent break or thickening of the line at the joint. 
The pen is held clear of the paper, over the portion al- 
ready drawn, and moved firmly ahead, at the same time 
dropping until it lightly touches the paper, continuing 
with a harder pressure on the new line. Under the most 
favorable conditions, on good paper, it is not .nlways 
possible to draw a satisfactory line at one stroke, and 
when working on vellum it is still more difficult. Where 
Fig. 67. 
the line is faulty in places, or where, as in work for 
photo reproduction, a specially hard and black line is 
necessary, the pen mttst go over the line two or even 
more times. Under no circumstances should the pen 
be pushed backward, nor the pencil either for that mat- 
ter, but it should be lifted from the paper, carried back 
beyond the break, and started ahead with a steady motion 
before it is lowered to touch the paper. 
When the drawing is completed in pencil it should be 
cleaned, using soft rubber or stale bread. The latter 
should be neither pasty nor very hard, but dry enough 
to crumble freely. It is crumbled over the paper and 
rolled in with the palm of the hand, being forced down 
into all the small depressions of the surface and carrying 
aw'ay the dirt and dust with which it comes in contact. 
After the use of bread or rubber, the paper is brushed 
with a soft brush or a fine cloth. In all operations, eras- 
ing, brushing, pencilling and inking, the movement should 
be the same, from left to right. 
The drawing being clean and free from all dust that 
might obstruct the pen, and the ink being mixed, the steel 
eraser, the sand rubber and a piece of blotting paper are 
placed at hand on the board, and the work of inking 
is begun, the circles being first drawn with the compasses, 
after which the set curves are used for the non-circular 
Fig. 68. 
curves. All curved lines should be drawn before the 
straight lines. When a blot occurs, and it will be soon 
enough at the hands of the beginner, the first thing to do 
is to , wipe the ink off the outsides of the blades, where 
it has run, and to lay the pen down, not on the paper, but 
on a remote part of the board or table. Next, the blotter 
is applied to the paper and at the same time the T 
square, batten or curve is lifted clear. As soon as the 
paper is blotted, the ruler should be wiped clean and 
laid aside. After the loose ink has been removed with 
the blotter and the paper is dry, the sand rubber or ink 
eraser should be used, with a slow steady stroke from left 
to right. In this work the surface of the paper is pro- 
tected by a piece of metal or cardboard with hole? and 
