4B6 
POnnBt AND STREAM. 
tJUNE 10, 1%. 
The programme of the Lewiston Gun Club's shoot, fixed to take 
fjlace on June 14 and 15, can be obtained of the club secretary, 
Air. H. H. McComber, Lewiston, 111, The first shoot is amateur 
in its purpose. A niagautrap will be used to throw the targets. 
There are 20 events for each <lay, at 10, 15, and 20 targets, $1, $1.50 
and $2 respectively. On the second day tliere will be a contest 
at 25 targets for the county championship. Entrance, $2.50. Open 
to Fulton county shooters only. Winner of medal is subject to 
challenge at any time after 30 days. Shooting begins at 9 o'clock. 
Shells shipped to H. H. McCumber will be delivered on the 
grounds free of charge. 
Capt. E. B. Puck, of Boston, writes us that he regrets exceed- 
inly his inability to attend the Buffalo shoot, June 5-9. on account 
of a severe attack of la grippe. He continues: "I had made 
every arrangement to be with the boys and take a hand in the 
great amount of prizes offered by the Audubon Gun Club. Go 
in, boys, and do your best, and may success attend your efforts!" 
Messrs. J. H. Outwater and Hofilich have arranged to shoot a 
match and we are informed that the conditions are 50 live birds, 
^00 a side, the contest to take place on Outwater"s grounds, 
Paterson Plank Road, N. J., commencing at 2 o'clock. Sweep- 
stake shooting will take place before and after the match. About 
400 birds will be provided for that purpose. 
In the contest for the Streuber trophy, at Erie last week, 
Crosby; Heikes and Cooper tied on 25. In the shoot-off at 5 
birds, all killed straight to the 11th, when Crosby missed. Ileikes 
missed hi.? 20th, and Cooper won on a total of 45 kills in the rn.Tin 
event and the tie. 
The donors of the St. Louis Republican Wing-shot cup are con- 
templating a change of title to it. It was recently presented to the 
Missouri Association and won by Mr. Charles Young. The title 
of it conflicts with one already in competition. 
At the meeting of the Pennsylvania State Sportsmen's Associa- 
tion, held on May 31, Chambersburg was fixed upon as the place 
for the meeting of 1900. 
The live bird contest inaugurated for the cup by the Cincinnati 
Gun Club is fixed to take place on Wednesday of this week. 
Bernard Waters. 
The Tyrone Tournament* 
Altoona, Pa. — Tyrone, known as the Central City, on the main 
line of the Pennsylvania Railroad, fifteen miles east of Altoona 
and at the junction of the Tyrone division of the P. R. R.. is one 
of the prettiest among the many pretty spots in the Keystone 
State. It is situated on either side of the Juniata River, surrounded 
on all sides by jutting mountains, has wide, shady avenues and 
IS enlivened by a number of busy factories. 
District Attorney William Hicks, P. J. Trego, D. D. Stine, L. 
B. Blair and a number of other scatter-gun enthusiasts recently 
organized the Tyrone Gun Club, now one of the liveliest little 
organizations in Central Pennsylvania, and fixed the dates of May 
26 and 27 for their initial tournament. They had fitted up a 
beautiful grassy plot just west of the city on the north barik of the 
river. A niagautrap had been placed, their large outing tent 
pitched, and every other desired convenience was in readiness for 
the enthusiastists. 
It was a bright .sunny day that greeted the jolly crowd of sports- 
men on the morning of the first day, and that condition lasted till 
the close of the meeting. One of the first to greet you irom a 
distance was Neaf Apgar, of Gun Bore Treatment Co. and the 
Du Pont Powder Company; then came F. P. t)'Leary, of Buffalo, 
N. Y. ; Howard Sergent,' of Laflin & Rand Powder Co.; Chas. 
Wagner, of Hammondsport, N. Y.; Tom Keller, of Peters 
Cartridge Co., Cincinnati; and Charles North, of the Cleveland 
Target Co. Among those from nearby places could be seen W. 
B. Sands, Dr. F. M. Christv U. S. Houck, Ed Kottmann J. F. 
Killitts, H. F. Forney, E. H. Murrav, Charles E. Rhoades. G. 
T. Bell, John Schenk, and G. G. Zeth, Altoona; T. B. Highberger 
C. Wendroth, A. B. Earhart, S. R. Kellerman, E. D. Melley and 
G. A. Freeman, Cresson; L. R. Leister, Chas. Kline, B. M. 
Kline, H. W. Corbin and Geo. Coolridge, Hvmtingdon ; Warren 
Smith, Osterberg; J. A. Holderbaum, ' Cessna; R. S. Denniker, 
Ruffsdale; H. E. Hummelbaugh, L. A. Gearhart and F. Plympton, 
Clearfield; and J. R. Rhoades. and Frank Nisley, Johnstown. 
The shoot wa.s quite successful, and the Tyrone boys are to be 
congratulated. Charles North acted in the capacity of squad 
hustler, and kept everyone moving. 
The equitable system was used in dividing purses, and gave 
.splendid satisfaction. 
Xhe scores follow: 
First Day, May 26. 
1 2-5 4 5 6 
10 10 15 20 15 10 
7 7 14 16 15 10 
9 13 14 LS 9 
7 11 17 12 
9 13 19 15 
7 11 15 11 
6 14 19 15 
10 11 17 15 
8 13 15 10 
5 » 9 9 
6 8 9 9 
6 11 15 11 
7 5 
Events : 
Targets : 
Quirk 
Bookwalter 9 
Blair 8 
Apgar 9 
333 i . 4 
Wagner 9 
Trego ^,rrrm,,,'.. 1 
Hicks 7 
Wilson ^ 
Gipple 4 
Stine 9 
Evans 6 
Harris 12 
Grazier 5 
Mui-ray 
Smith 
Keller 
Black Cloud 
C E Rhoades 
Leister .. .. .. •> ■• 
Coolridge -.. *■ 
Corbin 
Oster 
Holderbaum . . . . 
Bell .. 
Piper 
Lincoln 
Sure Shot, ■• - 
Sergent 
North 
7 8 9 10 
10 15 10 10 
7 11 6 9 
5 13 
7 13 
5 13 
9 8 
10 12 10 
9 12 9 
6 13 9 
6 8 8 
7 
7 
9 10 
10 14 
6 9 
11 12 
10 15 
7 11 
8 14 
10 13 
6 15 
8 12 
10 14 
9 14 
10 16 
4 9 
5 9 
8 12 
9 13 
8 11 
13 14 
20 15 
13 13 
16 13 
17 12 
20 14 
18 13 
18 14 
19 14 
13 15 
7 .. 
16 14 
12 .. 
14 10 
15 16 
10 10 
5 10 
S 5 
9 .. 
10 8 
9 6 
7 10 
10 7 
.. 7 
.. 8 
4 6 
8 10 
8 10 9 
7 7 9 
7 8 6 
8 14 9 
4 9 6 
6 9 3 
4 9 6 
5 4 5 
10 12 10 
4 11 
7 11 
9 9 
8 13 
7 10 
6 7 
12 .. 
14 9 
15 14 
13 13 
7 .. 
7 4 .. 
10 14 15 13 10 .. 
7 9.... 6 6 
.. .. 5 
S 3 4 
4 7 
7 .. 
0 .. 
2 
Second Day, May 27. 
Events : 
Targets : 
1 2 
10 10 
Quirk 9 
Apgar 10 
333 5 
Wagner 7 
Bookwalter 5 
10 
10 
8 
Kotty 
Frego 
Stine 
Black Cloud 
Blair 
Hicks 9 
Gipple 5 
Gearhart 5 
Keller 9 
Evans 10 
Tack ..;J4;- 4 
J K 7 
bster 9 1" 
North 5 3 
Lincoln 5 
Harris 
Corbin 
Grazier 
Holderbaum 
Clover • ■ 
Houck 
Forney 
Hummelbaugh 
Kellerman 
Wendroth 
Freeman 
Highberger 
Abe 
Leister 
Kline 
Plympton 
Piper ., • 
3 
15 
12 
12 
13 
14 
12 
14 
13 
11 
15 
11 
11 
7 
4 
12 
9 
7 
8 
15 
S 
ii 
9 
5 6 7 S 9 10 11 12 
25 10 15 20 10 15 10 10 
20 6 13 16 10 13 7 7 
25 10 13 20 10 13 10 9 
S 12 15 6 
10 
9 10 
13 14 
15 10 
fi 9 
14 10 
9 .. 
5 12 16 2 
6 
10 12 15 
9 11 19 
10 11 16 
12 
10 
13 
14 
8 6 
9 10 
8 9 
y 
9 
8 
9 21 8 9 13 7 10 8 S . . . . 
7 17 8 12 10 6 13 8 7 12 9 
2 13 6 
4 .. .. 5 9 6 8.. 5 .. .. 
9 21 8 13 14 7 9 7 6 10 10 
7 14 9 15 15 8 9 
8 16 9 9 12 9 10 ., 
6 16 8 7 16 4 8 9 S . . . . 
24 7 12 15 9 13 8 10 10 7 
12 "5 v. V. .'. 
14 5 7 13 6 11 3 5 10 4 
6 .. .. 
6 .. .. 
9 10 15 
7 9 11 
8 7' 
2 9 
13 14 
10 11 
6 .. 
14 15 
7 
12 
10 
11 
8 5 8 
8 12 .. 
io '9 "s 
3 3 
7 10 
6 10 
2 .. 
7 .. 
1 .. 
4 12 
7 10 
6 .. 
7 .. 
6 10 
9 10 15 
8 9 13 
9 6 11 
.. 7 .. 
6 6.. 
9 9 12 
9 .. .. 
The Altoona Shoot. 
On Decoration Day the Altoona Rod and Gun Club held a tar- 
get shoot, in which twenty-three contestants participated. It was 
not an advertised affair, on account of the State shoot falling on 
the same date, but a number of the boys from Tyrone and HoUi- 
daysburg particinated, among whom were D. D. Stine,. P. J. Trego 
and Mr. Brindl'e, of the former place, and Thos. Dipner, Alex. 
McNaught and Duncan, of the latter, Mr. William F._ Parker, of 
Duncan sville, also renewed old acquaintances and incidentally 
tried the new magautrap. 
The scores follow: 
Events: 123456789 10 11 12 
Targets: 10 10 16 10 10 15 10 10 15 10 10 10 
Murrav 8 6 13 8 7 . . 10 7 14 5 7 
Trego ■ 7 6 13 10 9 14 
Stine ^-..s,,.. 10 8 12 5 5 11 
Killitts 7 10 13 7 8 11 
Dipner 7 5 7 .. 4 .. 
Mike 9 6 6 3 9 ,. 
Sands 9 9 14 10 10 13 
Alex 7 7 11 8 7 .. 
Duncan 6 6 4 4 
Taylor , 9 10 7 
Parker ^ 4 .. 9 8 5 .. 5 
House 6 .. 7 8 14 6 .. 
Fay 9 
Clover .. 10 8 9 13 8 .. 
Homan 5 
Icrsey 4 .. 3 3 .. 
Bell .... 8 13 4 7 .. 
Morlock ^- 8 11 .. .. 
Katty 7 13 6 . . . . 
Brindle ; 6.. .. 8 5 
Weil 2 .. 
Ham 8 . . 
C Murray , 0 . . 
Event No. 10 was 5 pairs. 
Notes. 
Tom Keller spent Sunday with the boys. Tom is always a wel- 
come visitor. He is always making friends and always trying to 
heal up differences at shoots. This was illustrated at the Tyrone 
tournament, when some of the more experienced began some of 
the old tricks, and were called down, Tom was right there to 
straighten matters out and make everybody feel right again. More 
of such men at a tournament conducted by a new club would bene- 
fit shooting very much. 
Howard Sergent, of the Laflin & Rand Powder Co., paid us a 
call the other day. • ^ 
There is an opening in this vicinity for a good veterinarian. 
There is not only a field among owners of valuable dogs, btit other 
stock owners as well. If any good, reliable party is looking for 
such a locality, the Altoona Rod and Gun Club will be pleased 
to furnish any desired information. 
A number of improvements are now under way at the Wop- 
sononock Heights grounds. That famous resort will never have 
been in better shape for the entertainment of shooters than dur- 
ing tournament week this year. 
Neaf Apgar says he is coming to Wopsy a few days before the 
shoot so as to be here in time to have a trout fish. A trout din- 
ner would not be out of order. Neaf. 
The northeast corner, first floor, of the hotel at Wopsononock 
has been reserved for Ed, Banks, Elmer Shaner and Bernard 
\\'aters, but then there are other apartments out of hearing that 
can be occupied during the tournament. 
Wonder if Dutchy Smith will -monopolize the billiard chalk this 
year. 
The programme for the YV^opsononock tournament will be out 
this week. Don't fail to get one. G. G. Zeth, 
WESTERN TRAPS. 
At Watson's. 
CrncAGO, 111., June 3. — This has on the whole been a rather busy 
week for Chicago at the traps, what with the club shoots and the 
events of greater or less importance at Watson's. On Monday, 
May 29, there was a little practice shooting, perhaps most faith- 
fully carried out by Mr. R. Dwyer, otherwise Dick Dwyer, the 
racehorse starter, who shot a couple of strings of 25, with the 
following results: 
R Dwyer 2010112120211210121121201—20 
1012121112111211221020110—21 
On May 30, Decoration Day, there was quite a little shooting 
at Watson's among the several gentlemen who had gathered to 
witness the race between Messrs. Palmer and Pater.son for the 
Chicago trophy. Mr. Silas Palmer showed himself to be still in 
the remarkable form he has evinced of late. He missed his first 
two birds in a string of 25 and then killed out straight. His 
score and others* are below : 
S Palmer 0022121112112222221211121—23 
W B Leff .........212221a —7 
R Kuss 2212122212 —10 
O von Longerke 02222 — 4 
A C. Paterson 020112110111221 -12 
Rupel ..- 002020022222000 —7 
Morgan 1010210120 — 6 
F P Stannard 22222 — 5 
Hollister 1101122121 — 9 
Palmer— Paterson for the Trophy. 
It was on Decoration Day, last Tuesday, May 30, that Messrs. 
Silas Palmer and A. C. Paterson met in their contest for the Chi- 
cago trophy. The weather was very good and the birds were 
fast. A fresh wind blew from the right hand toward the scoi-e, and 
the shooting was not what one would call easy. Once more the 
redouljtable LTncle .Silas lift his gait, and he went out with 23 to 
his credit, one dead out of bounds. Mr. Paterson also shot a good 
gait, and indeed killed every bird that he shot at, but had the 
misfortune to lose 4 dead out of bounds. Both men stood at 31yds. 
and shot at 25 birds. Mr. Palmer's winning over fiis challenger on 
this occasion leaves these two men on the same footing, both 
having now scored five wins. The following is the score: 
Palmer 22211111211111*1112221012—23 
Paterson . 12*1122*22111222212*12*12—21 
Mr. T. P. Hicks has challenged Mr. Palmer for this same trophy 
and his challenge has been accepted. Mr. Hicks having won the 
trophy four times, the matter seems narrowing down considerably. 
Dupec— Smith. 
On June 1 an interesting race was shot between Walter Dupee 
and F, M. Smith at Watson's, at 50 birds. The birds were prompt 
starters and gave the men enough to do. Mr. Dupee killed 24 
out of his first 25, but scored only 19 in the second lap. Mr. Smith 
reversed this a bit, killing 19 in the first half of his race and 21 
in the second half. Mr. Dupee, however, was safe, with 43 to his 
rival's 40. Score: 
Dupee 2122012222222222 21222222—24 
120220222222222222222000*— 19— 43 
Smith 202112200**111121*1121111—19 
12112111022211*2121010112—21—40 
Montgomery Ward Diamond Badge. 
On Friday, June 2, at Watson's there was shot the eighth con- 
test for the Montgomery W^ard diamond badge. The weather was 
very pleasant, bright and clear, and one of the best shooting days 
thus far this spring. The birds were very good, and a fresh wind 
blowing from the score to the right quarter made the shooting at 
times difficult. There were sixteen shooters present, and a very 
enjoyable afternoon was had by all. This time there were only 
five men tied for first place — Dr. Shaw, Messrs. Diig, Sturdevant, 
White and Parker. In the 14 hole were Searles, Odell, Simonetti, 
Dr. Miller, Barto and the two Lefifingwell brothers — W, B. and 
George. All the rest tied on 13. 
Up till this time no one had won this trophy more than once, 
but to-day this record was broken, Mr. Sturdevant, of the Evan- 
ston Gun Club, defeating the field to-day and scoring his second 
win of the trophy. Mr. Sturdevant's record at these shoots has 
been a singular one. He has shot but three times and has made 
fotir winnings, having won the diamond badge twice and the high 
average badge twice, rather a unique proceeding. His most dan- 
gerous rival to-day was his fellow member, F. Dilg, of the Evan- 
ston Gun Club, these two men having things pretty much all 
their own way for a long time. Dr. Shaw seems to be hicky m 
getting into the tics, but again went out after his fourth bird, 
Mr. White retired at his fifth bird. Mr. Parker, who had won 
the high average medal for the day with the run of 15 straight, 
missed his first bird when he went to the score for the tie. Dilg 
and Sturdevant pounded along in splendid form, Dilg being per- 
haps the favorite, for he was shooting a splendid gait, centering 
his birds promptly and apparently able to kill a hundred straight. 
Mr. Sturdevant was shooting well also, but not looking so well as 
his rival. He is just up from a seven weeks' siege of rheumatic 
fever, and this was the first time he has handled a gun since his 
sicknes.s. One is reminded of Mark Twain's story of the pilot 
who once took his boat through a bad bit of river while in a. 
sleep-walking trance. "If he could do such a kid glove piece o£ 
work as that when he was fast asleep," said an admiring friend, 
"what couldn't he do if he was dead! Both of these men in the 
ties killed 15 straight, but it was thought to be all over when 
Sturdevant lost his first bird in the next string. Both men were 
now changing shells and shooting what they could get hold of. 
Dilg killed 4 straight and then lost his last bird, dead just across 
the line, letting Sturdevant in again. Dilg missed his next bird, 
the first of the final frame, a big cinnamon, which struck the 
fence and fell dead. Still another bird was missed by Dilg, a sin- 
gular reversal of form, or perhaps a reversal of shells, causing 
him to lose 4 out of the last 5 birds he shot at. Sturdevant killed 
3 straight in his last string, and so was placed winner at the close 
of a very good-natured and interesting struggle. 
In the ties of 14 a very warm fight was going on meantime at 
No. 2 set of traps. Odell killed 7 birds before he fell out. Si- 
monetti and Barto each missed his second bird. Dr. Miller, W. 
B. Leffingwell and George Leffingwell kept on killing one bird 
after another, and they were all three straight at the 15th bird. 
At this point the Leffingwell boys laughingly withdrew in favor 
of Mr. Miller. George Leffingwell was shooting carelessly but 
confidently, not working very hard to win, but shooting lor the 
fun of the thing. He undercut an incomer, which wabbled in 
slowly, direct toward the score. He could have easily caught it m 
his hand and someone called out to him to catch the bird. "I 
don't want it," he said as he turned away from the score. At that 
instant one of the retrieving dogs, which was tied at the Score, 
sprang forward and cauhgt the bird in its mouth, just iflSid^ 
bounds, and it was scored dead. 
In the ties on 13 Silas Palmer was the winner. The following 
are the scores of the contest: 
S Palmer, 29 1 , ...21112*11120121210 —13 
Dr. Shaw, 30, 1 1221112011122211 —15 
D O'Brien, 21, 1 ..v.,*-.,. 1212110112*121*1 —13 
O E Searies, 30, 3. .1211212*1121200201 —14 
F Dilg, 30. 2 ...■.,.„....,....... ..,.20122201211111111 —15 
H Odell, 28, 3 212001111212102220 —14 
E Sturdevant, 30, 1 2011222221222222 —15 
E M Steck, 30, 1 221 2200*1221122 —13 
R Simonetti, 29, 3 2021111201122122*10—14 
Dr Miller. 30, 2 00111122212220212 —14 
T L White, 30, 1 .1122101221211222 —15 
'W B Leffingwell, 30, 1....... ..0022222111111212 —14 
Geo Roll, 30 2222220221*2122 —13 
J B Bartos, 29, 1 .22*2222221121021 —14 
Geo Leffingwell, 30, 3... 01*201122022222201 —14 
Parker, 29, 1. . . . ..^i-. ..222222222121112 —15 
Ties on 15: 
Dr Shaw, 30 120* 
F Dilg, 30 21121 12212 22221 2111* *010 
E Sturdevant, 30 .....22222 22221 22222 *2122 222 
J L White,. 30 21120 
Parker, 29 0122 
Garfield Gun Club. 
The regular weekly shoot of the Garfield Gun Club was held 
to-day, Saturday, at the beautiful Garfield grounds, which never 
looked better than they do now, the club house being newly 
painted and everything being put in apple-pie order. Garfield 
Gun Club is a good model for any trap-shooting organization. It 
has its limit of 75 members full, and a dozen applicants who are 
wating for a chance to get in. They may have to wait some time, 
for it is a rare thing that a Garfield man is dropped for non-pay- 
ment of dues or any other cause. This is a great social club, 
and a great many ladies attend the various events. Ladies could 
be in no better comyjany, for one of them has been heard to re- 
mark that in five years she has never heard an oath on Garfield 
grounds. There is a strict dub rule that no liquor shall be 
brought on the grounds. As the able secretary. Dr. J'. W. Meek, 
told me to-day, "VVe don't like a fellow to bring- whisky there 
inside his skin, and we won't let him bring it there outside." 
Dr. Meek, by the way, was the original founder of the Garfield 
Club, the first meeting being held in his office ten years or more 
ago. lie has been president two or three times, and is so good 
a secretary that he has been elected continuously for the last 
four or five years. 
There were twenty-four contestants in the regular medal shoot 
to-day, only classes A and B being represented. In Class A, T. 
P, Hicks won with the great score of 24, missing his second tar- 
fet and then running straight. In Class B, Hellman won, with 21. 
ack Fanning, of the Gold Dust powder, was on hand at_ Garfield 
Club to-day, and was among those who also shot, scoring only 
12 out of the 25. Mrs. Shaw was the only lady shooter present, 
and scored 10 out of her 25 birds. The following are the scores ot 
the trophy event and the ensuing sweeps, which were kept up until 
nearly 6 o'clock : 
Workman 0011100101110001100111001—13 
Keh! 0000000001000000101000000— 3 
Richards 1111110011111111111101111—22 
Kuss 1111111111111010111101111—22 
Dr Shaw 1011111011111011111110110—20 
X>r Meek lllllOlllOUOOlllOllOOOU— 17 
Mrs Shaw UOlOUOOOOOOOOOOOllllOOl- 10 
Northcott 1111111101110011101111101—20 
C J Wolf ....1000000010101101001100111—11 
Rhodus . ; J i i . . i 1010011110101001011110110^15 
Young 1101111111000111111111101—20 
Brabrook 1000000111001111100010000—10 
Hellman 1110111101101011111111111—21 
Dr Royce 1011010110110101101100001—14 
T Fanning ,..0010010001101100011001111—12 
"Stiger 1101100100001010110010100—11 
F G Barnard 0101010111110000111001011—14 
Smedes .0010000001111110011011101—13 
Nusl ev 1101011101010101011001011—15 
F Sm"ith 0000011100110010100101110— U 
Hicks 1011111111111111111111111—24 
S M Meeks , 0000000111010000000000010—5 
W H Riddiford 0001100111110101100110110—14 
Geo Riddiford 0010001000000000001000000— 3 
Elgin National. 
Elgin National Gun Club opens its new shooting park to-day 
and to-morrow with a grand target tournament, with abundant 
events to stiit all comers, and added money enough to make things 
interesting. Professionals and agents barred. 
The Fourth. 
The Fourth of July will be a big shooting day in Chicago. 
Prominent among the events scheduled for that day is the Gar- 
field Club shoot. There will be both targets and live birds, a 
big turnout and a good time, 
E, Hough. 
480 Caxto^j Bljil.DtNG, Chicago, 111. 
Elliott — Crosby Challeuge. 
New York, Tune 3. — Editor Forest and Stream: 1 have to-day 
received from Mr. AV. R. Crosby his acceptance of Mr. Elliott's 
challenge for the E. C. inanimate target championship trophy. 
Mr. Crosby's acceptance reads as follows: "I hereby accept Mr. 
J. A, R. Elliott's challenge for the E. C. target championship 
trophy, and name Batavia, N. Y., as the place for the match, the 
date and time to be June 23, 2:30 P. M.— W. R. Crosby." 
Edward Banks, 
Sec'y The American E, C. & Schultze Gunpo-svder Co., Ltd. 
New York State Shoot. 
Buffalo, N. Y., June 6.— Special to Forest and Stream: The 
first event to-day has 150 entries, and there is every prospect of 
a large and successful shoot. The weather is pleasant, but 
warm. Utica will have the State shoot next year. 
..^ B. Waters, 
