Variation in the Price and Supply of Wlieat. 173 
fore ])i{>l'ace our remarks with statistics of their population. 
The last census was taken in December, 1864, and shows the 
following results : — 
Population. 
Prussia* 10,642,954 
Luxemburg 202,937 
Bavaria 4,813,076 
Saxony 2,343,994 
Hanover 1,943,772 
Wurtembuvg 1,748,328 
Baden 1,426,218 
Hesse-Cassel 716,889 
Hesse-Darmstadt 871,839 
Thuringia 1,103,530 
■Brunswick 268,523 
Oldenburg 244,407 
Nassau 468,311 
Frankfort-on-Maine 92,244 
There is a complete system of agricultural statistics in these 
States, and all that information, utility, or even curiosity, can 
suggest, is afforded in a great array of figures. The figure 1 is 
taken to represent an jiverage harvest, and the decimal propor- 
tions of that figure are used for the purpose of comparison ; thus 
the bad harvest of 1865 was represented by 0'78 ; the ten years 
ending 1865 were written 0'91, viz. 9 per cent, under an average. 
The same mode of comparison is applied to each crop, as well 
as to the whole harvest. 
Saxony. — This little kingdom has always been a model of 
good cultivation, since the time when the wool of Saxony was 
the finest in Europe. The population has rapidly increased, 
no country in Europe being moie densely peopled. Agriculture 
is the source of wealth, and embraces a great variety of crops of 
more value than corn, including the vine, which is very carefully 
cultivated. 
In the province of Saxony the same productive system of 
farming is followed. It is the best cultivated part of Prussia, 
and is too far advanced for the exportation of corn generally. 
The fine barley grown on the banks of the Saale is an exception. 
The best part of Prussian Saxony is Magdeburg, a fertile level 
tract. Merseburg and Erfurt are equally Avell cultivated, but the 
soil is not so rich. Cattle are imported from Hungary, Galicia, 
and Podolia. 
Hanover and Mecklenburg, which are near the coast, have the 
advantage of situation, but not of soil, the former is generally 
poor. Instead of corn-fields and cultivation the country is covered 
with marsh, bog, moor, heath and sand, lake and forest. Fertile 
land is the exception. 
* The territory acquired by the war adds 4,336, 154 to this number. 
