214 
Variation in the Price and Supply of Wheat. 
The average quantity of wheat exported for British consumption during 
the last five years was 558,000 quarters.* 
In 1862 the harvest was good in Poland, and the exports larger than in any 
former year, viz., 830,000 quarters of wheat, and 440,000 of barley. The 
greater portion of the wheat came to Great Britain, and scarcely any rj'e or 
barley. The trade turned out unprofitable to merchants, owing to large 
American supplies and a fall of 14s. a quarter in the price of wheat. 
Eaihvay traffic is open to Warsaw with continuation to St. Petersburg. 
This, and the river navigation of the Vistula and the Bug, make Dantzig the 
emporium for the products of Poland. 
" During the fifteen years since the abolition of the sliding-scale in England, 
if we omit the years of 1855 and 1856, when the trade in corn was fettered by 
Eussia, owing to the Crimean war, we find that 7,000,000 quarters of wheat 
were exported from Dantzig." 
A considerable trade in rye is carried on between Dantzig and other Northern 
Gennan ports, as also with Sweden and Norway. 28,000 quarters of barley 
were shiiiped to England in 1865. 
Almost all the wheat which is of superior quality goes to England, a small 
quantity (say 80,000 quarters) to Holland and Belgium. Sweden and Norway 
take more than half the export of rye, and the Dutch and German ports nearly 
all the remainder. The local consumption of rye is 40,000 quarters ; of wheat 
only 15,000 quarters. 
KcENiGSBEBG. — Exports in 1861. 
Wheat 354,000 quarters. 
Eye 458,000 ,, 
Barley 106,000 
Imports from Eussia and Poland by river, rail, and land-carriage : — 
Wheat 612,000 quarters. 
Eye 180,000 
Barley 9,900 
The crop of 1860 was an unusttally good one, and these exports exceed in 
value those of all fonner years. The com merchants have lost by their 
transactions. 
1863. — " The harvest was considerably above an average." Large quantities 
of grain arrived here by land from Eussia and Prussia. " The exportation of 
wheat to England was only about half that of the year 1862, and as the 
prices in England are ruling ones, a continued depression in value was the 
consequence." 
The total exports' of grain of all sorts shipped from Koenigsberg ^have 
been : — 
Imperial Quarters. 
1860 993,000 
1861 1,123,000 
1862 907,000 
1863 973,000 
Imperial Quarters. 
1864 800,000 
1865 450,000 
1866 800,000 
Exportation of Wlieat only. 
1864 163,000 quarters. 
1865 176,000 
About half these quantities came to England during these years of bad 
harvests. 
* In 1866, 583,000 quarters of wheat were exported from Dantzig, 
